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This is our fifth strategy application lecture for the true false not given question.

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Let's go ahead and go through this question.

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And I know you're going to do an excellent job because you've been watching the previous lectures and

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you know exactly what to do.

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So with the true, false not given question, we know that it's all about keyword selection from the

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questions.

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Finding the keywords that help us find the matching sentence and also identifying the keywords that

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will determine if something is going to be true or false or not given.

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Scanning is really important.

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You have to be able to scan, not read, scan for specific details and find the matching sentences.

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Keep in mind you want to choose the easiest question to do first.

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Choose the easiest question to do first.

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And then be clear about what?

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Yes.

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No, not given means yes is confirmation.

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And very often they're going to use confirmation by using synonyms and paraphrasing of the question.

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Information is not going to be direct because that's not an English test.

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False deals with your ability to recognize contradiction when information is contradicted.

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Can you recognize that?

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And not given means that you're going to avoid making assumptions and inferences and recognize when

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information is not mentioned, not referenced, not identified in the passage.

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Now, you might be thinking, didn't you mention this before in the previous lectures?

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Yes, I did.

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However, I mentioned this in every lecture because some students don't watch all five of of the strategy

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lectures, they may skip to number five.

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So that's why you hear me repeat things sometimes because I'm teaching thousands of students and everybody

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has their own little idiosyncrasies in terms of how they study.

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And so that's why sometimes I repeat information.

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Of course, you could have skipped through this and gone through it, but I just want to explain that

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very quickly.

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In terms of some keys to success, we definitely have to think about identifying the twist, determining

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language.

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The better you get at doing that, the easier it's going to be for you to be able to answer these questions.

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Recognize that questions are created from more than one sentence at times.

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Understand the difference between false and not given.

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Non given means information is missing.

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Like in our example, we don't know when we look at the passage.

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If Kofi has a green card, doesn't have a green card, we don't know.

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And like I said, we don't make assumptions, we don't make inferences, we don't jump to conclusions.

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We don't make inferences for information that's not there.

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That's what I mean by that.

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Don't jump to conclusions.

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Don't fill in missing blanks.

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So coming up next, we're going to go ahead and get into a full passage application.

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We're going to work on scanning.

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We're going to work on answer application.

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This one is coming from Cambridge Book 12, Test six, Part three The Benefits of Being Bilingual.

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So go ahead and open your book and work along with me.

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So here we can see the passage on the left hand side, the beginning of the passage, the continuation

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of the passage up to paragraph G on the right side and our yes no not giving questions mentioned below.

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Now our first step is identifying the key words, and we're working under time conditions.

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So get your phone and set your timer.

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Set your timer.

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Because from this point forward, we're working under time conditions to simulate test pressure.

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So here on the left hand side, you can see our questions 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36.

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Open up your Cambridge book 12 to test six Part three, and I want you to identify the key.

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Keep in mind, when I say identify the keywords, I want you to identify the keywords that will lead

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to the matching sentence and identify the keywords that will be used to determine if something will

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be true, false, or not, given the twist language.

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If you watch strategy lectures one through four, then you know what I'm talking about.

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So let's go ahead and I want you to stop the lecture.

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I want you to set a timer for 45 seconds and find the keywords for numbers 32 through 36.

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All right.

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So I hope that you were able to find the same keywords that I did.

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The language highlighted in blue is the twist language meaning the language that will be used to determine

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true or false or not given.

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The passage will either confirm this language in blue, contradict it, or completely omit it.

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That's why finding that language is so important.

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That language doesn't necessarily help you find the matching sentence.

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That language is used to answer true, false or not, given the words highlighted in yellow.

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Help you find the matching sentence.

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So for number 32, where it talks about attitudes and recent years that will help you find a matching

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sentence.

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In terms of true, false or not given, that's determined by this language right here.

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Either the attitude has changed or been contradicted and not changed, or is missing whether or not

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it's changed.

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Okay.

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For number 33 in terms of monolingual guessing bilingual finished that language will help you find where

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number 33 is located.

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Whether or not they're better than or not better than or equal to or that information is missing that

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will determine true or false or not given bilingual monolingual consistently name naming faster.

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That information will help you determine if something is true, false or not, given the word.

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Images will probably also be in yellow because that's a good word to use.

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It could be I can't make yellow and blue, but that's a good word to use to be able to find the matching

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sentence.

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35 Brains Bilingual Monolingual.

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Right now, when I see all situations, I know that language, all situations that's going to be used

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to determine true or false or not given.

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And then, of course, brain disease and old age.

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Now, fewer than were bilingual people, fewer than that's going to be the twist language to determine

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true or false or not given.

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I'm really spending some time on this because understanding this part is so critical to you, doing

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a great job on this question type.

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So now we're going to scan for the key word matching sentences.

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If you're scanning and answering, like scanning and then answering the question, then you're going

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to go ahead and set a six minute timer.

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Open up your book and work.

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Work that way.

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We're going to work on the scale of scanning.

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Okay.

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So I've talked about scanning before.

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And as you know, the more you work on that skill of scanning, the better you're going to be.

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It's a skill and you can get better at it, but it's just a matter of practicing, scanning, learning

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to scan and practicing it.

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Just like no taking is a skill.

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Scanning is a skill.

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Now here we have the passage on the left side, the beginning of the passage, the ending of the passage

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on the right, and our questions 32 through 36 at the bottom.

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Now, what you're going to do is see if you can find the matching sentences in under 3 minutes.

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So I want you to go ahead and stop the lecture.

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Open up your book.

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Set a timer for 3 minutes and see if you can find all of the matching sentences for 32 through 36 in

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under 3 minutes.

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Go ahead and stop the lecture right now and do that.

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So in terms of the matching sentences for number 32.

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You should have found it in the first paragraph where it talks about being bilingual is considered a

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disadvantage.

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That's an attitude where it talks about being a being, having benefits of being bilingual.

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That's an attitude.

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So we look at that question to determine if these attitudes have changed or not changed or information

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is missing about this.

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For number 33, we find it right here where it talks about guessing.

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So we look in this sentence, right, in terms of guessing a word, right.

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Guessing correctly.

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We look in that sentence right there to be able to determine number 33 for number 34.

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Or it talks about naming pictures.

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Naming images more than one language.

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So we're looking we're looking at this information right here.

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Right.

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And when we look at this sentence, this about consistently naming faster.

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That's the information.

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That's the twist language.

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Either it was saying they could name faster.

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They could not name fast or contradiction.

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Dry.

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Workers say they name slower, whatever it says.

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That's what you're looking at.

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Or is this information missing?

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35 is going to be found right here because we see monolingual, bilingual and the brainstem.

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So we know we're talking about number 35 right here.

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And we're looking about we're trying to discover about all situations.

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And then 36 is found in paragraph F.

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Where it talks about older bilinguals.

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That's where it talks about old age.

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Brain disease.

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Alzheimer's.

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Bilingual and monolingual.

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So this is how we find all of the matching sentences here, everybody.

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The matching sentences.

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Now, let's go ahead and answer these questions.

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We found the matching sentences.

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So now you're going to set your timer for 3 minutes and answer these questions.

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You're going to answer questions 32 to 36.

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You can do it.

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You can answer this in 3 minutes because, you know, you're matching sentences.

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You know, the twist language.

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So, you know, it's not about you understanding the entire sentence.

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Look at the twist language.

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Look at the twist language for number 32.

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Does it say have changed?

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Does it say have not changed?

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Is that information missing?

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Right.

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So I know you can do this.

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So go ahead and set your timer for 3 minutes.

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Stop the lecture right now and answer questions 32 through 36.

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Now.

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Did you find all the correct answers?

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Did you?

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I hope you did, because if you're following what we teach, I think you were able to find all the correct

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answer choices.

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So for number 32, the answer is going to be yes.

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Why is the answer yes?

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Who can tell me why?

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The answer is yes.

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We know why.

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The answer is yes, because the attitudes have changed.

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In the past, it was seen as a disadvantage.

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But now, however so now we're seen as having benefits.

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So that means that the attitude has changed.

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The answer is yes.

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33 is not given.

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When we look at this sentence here, we don't know if bilingual people are better.

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We don't know if they are the same or worse.

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The information is missing.

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We don't know when information is missing.

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We put not given number 34 is no because it says the bilingual people did it more slowly.

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The the question says they they can name name the images faster.

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That's a contradiction.

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Number 35, do they process sounds more efficiently in all situations.

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So look at this carefully.

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All situations, everybody.

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So first it says When monolingual, bilingual adolescents listen to simple speech sounds without any

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interfering background noise, they show highly similar responses, so not better in all situations.

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Now, in the in the next sentence, it talks about a different situation and the bilinguals do perform

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better, but they don't perform better in all situations.

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There's a contradiction.

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The passage, the question says all situations.

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The passage says that in one situation there's similar performance.

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In another situation, they perform better.

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That's a contradiction.

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It's not all situations.

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And for number 36, this one is also tricky because if you read this these sentences here and they pulled

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information from more than one sentence, if you look at these sentences, it says that, you know.

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You can I you can identify the disease as identify earlier with bilingual people it's identify earlier

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in them but it doesn't say which group suffers more from brain to brain disease.

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It doesn't tell us that.

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It only tells us which group is it's identify earlier or earlier in isn't it doesn't tell us which group

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is it?

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Is it more than or less than?

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It doesn't tell us that information is missing.

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So our answer is not given for number 36.

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All right.

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So thank you so much for joining me.

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I hope you now really understand how to do a yes no non giving question.

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You should feel confident about knowing what to do.

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And that's the goal of this course.

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Thank you and take care.