1 00:00:00,900 --> 00:00:01,350 All right. 2 00:00:01,350 --> 00:00:02,670 So let's look at this. 3 00:00:02,670 --> 00:00:10,530 Yes, doughnut giving, answering strategy and let's take a shot at it and see how to do it. 4 00:00:10,530 --> 00:00:14,370 So this is going to explain to you, how do you know when something is true? 5 00:00:14,400 --> 00:00:15,930 How do you know something is false? 6 00:00:15,930 --> 00:00:18,690 And how do you recognize when something is not given? 7 00:00:19,260 --> 00:00:24,900 So what we've done here is we have a yes donut giving question. 8 00:00:26,100 --> 00:00:30,000 And I have pulled from the passage the matching sentence for the question. 9 00:00:30,780 --> 00:00:36,240 And we're doing this so you can see that what you're doing with the yes on that given question is you're 10 00:00:36,240 --> 00:00:39,990 comparing two sentences now on the exam. 11 00:00:39,990 --> 00:00:42,330 This is not what they're doing on the exam. 12 00:00:42,330 --> 00:00:46,050 They're not going to tell you the sentence that the question is coming from. 13 00:00:46,170 --> 00:00:50,100 You have to scan and find the sentence and then compare. 14 00:00:50,100 --> 00:00:57,870 But here, putting the two things together so you can see the question and also see the sentence that 15 00:00:57,900 --> 00:01:03,060 was coming from the passage and then see that you have to compare those two things together. 16 00:01:03,990 --> 00:01:04,380 All right. 17 00:01:04,380 --> 00:01:06,180 So that's why we're doing it this way. 18 00:01:06,180 --> 00:01:06,690 All right. 19 00:01:06,690 --> 00:01:17,730 Now, if you want to try to do the questions along with me, what you need to do is you need to when 20 00:01:17,730 --> 00:01:24,990 I tell what I say, so you need to stop stop the lecture, and you can try to answer it. 21 00:01:24,990 --> 00:01:30,840 And then afterwards you can listen to my answer and my explanation. 22 00:01:30,840 --> 00:01:37,020 So that's what that's what we can do if you want to be able to. 23 00:01:38,370 --> 00:01:42,120 If you want to be able to go along with me. 24 00:01:42,990 --> 00:01:47,160 So here is question number one. 25 00:01:47,520 --> 00:01:47,970 All right. 26 00:01:48,120 --> 00:01:54,330 So question number one says Michael Faraday was the first person to recognize Perkins ability as a student 27 00:01:54,330 --> 00:01:55,440 of chemistry. 28 00:01:56,370 --> 00:01:56,760 All right. 29 00:01:56,760 --> 00:02:01,950 So that is the question and then the matching sentence from the passage. 30 00:02:02,070 --> 00:02:04,110 You will find this by scanning the passage. 31 00:02:04,110 --> 00:02:07,500 The matching sentence, says Perkins. 32 00:02:07,500 --> 00:02:13,530 Talent and devotion to the study of the elements was first noticed by his teacher, Tom Watson. 33 00:02:13,800 --> 00:02:14,190 All right. 34 00:02:14,190 --> 00:02:16,890 So here we have the right. 35 00:02:16,890 --> 00:02:19,320 Here we have the question. 36 00:02:20,250 --> 00:02:20,410 Right. 37 00:02:20,460 --> 00:02:24,360 That's our question and the end right here. 38 00:02:24,510 --> 00:02:28,510 This right here is the. 39 00:02:28,770 --> 00:02:29,640 Sorry about that. 40 00:02:29,970 --> 00:02:32,730 This right here is the sentence. 41 00:02:32,730 --> 00:02:34,710 That is from the passage itself. 42 00:02:34,710 --> 00:02:36,000 I pulled it for you. 43 00:02:36,120 --> 00:02:38,100 I pulled it from the passage and I put it together. 44 00:02:38,100 --> 00:02:45,660 So when we look at this, like I've told you, what we're looking at is we are comparing we're comparing 45 00:02:45,660 --> 00:02:50,160 the question and we're comparing it to the sentence that's coming from the passage. 46 00:02:50,160 --> 00:02:56,370 And you have to look at it and say, well, are the is the is the subject the same? 47 00:02:57,280 --> 00:02:57,550 All right. 48 00:02:57,660 --> 00:02:59,190 Is the subject the same? 49 00:02:59,850 --> 00:03:05,970 Is the are the nouns that basically are the nouns the same are the verbs the same, and is the limiting 50 00:03:05,970 --> 00:03:09,330 language the same adjectives and adverbs and so forth and so on. 51 00:03:09,480 --> 00:03:11,580 So let's look at these two sentences here. 52 00:03:12,270 --> 00:03:12,660 All right. 53 00:03:12,660 --> 00:03:19,650 So the question, says Michael Feherty, was the first person to recognize Perkins ability as a student 54 00:03:19,650 --> 00:03:20,670 of chemistry. 55 00:03:20,670 --> 00:03:25,320 So sometimes when you look at a question, you can almost tell what they're going to be focusing on, 56 00:03:25,740 --> 00:03:26,070 right. 57 00:03:26,310 --> 00:03:30,570 The real focus here is dealing with was he the first person to recognize his ability? 58 00:03:30,750 --> 00:03:34,890 So we'll look at the question down here at the passage, the passage sentence. 59 00:03:35,310 --> 00:03:41,760 It says, Perkins talent in devotion to the study of the elements was first noticed by his teacher, 60 00:03:41,760 --> 00:03:42,900 Tom Watson. 61 00:03:43,290 --> 00:03:43,680 All right. 62 00:03:43,680 --> 00:03:48,270 So here we have two different subjects. 63 00:03:48,270 --> 00:03:55,410 As the person who first noticed in the question, it says, Michael Faherty was the first person in 64 00:03:55,410 --> 00:03:56,460 the passage. 65 00:03:56,490 --> 00:04:00,060 It says he was first noticed by his teacher, Tom Watson. 66 00:04:00,060 --> 00:04:04,080 So this answer would be, well, here you want to stop the tape. 67 00:04:04,080 --> 00:04:06,510 Now, if you want to answer for yourself, stop the tape. 68 00:04:10,770 --> 00:04:13,670 So this answer would be false, right? 69 00:04:13,680 --> 00:04:18,510 It would be false because like I told you, an answer is false. 70 00:04:18,510 --> 00:04:28,500 When the when one of the subject or object or the nouns are or verbs are changed or different or opposite. 71 00:04:28,680 --> 00:04:29,260 Here, they're. 72 00:04:29,640 --> 00:04:31,170 Here, they've been changed. 73 00:04:31,740 --> 00:04:35,340 The question, says Michael Ferranti, first was was the first person. 74 00:04:35,430 --> 00:04:38,820 The passage sentence says that Tom Watson was the first person. 75 00:04:38,820 --> 00:04:42,480 So that's an example of false because it was changed. 76 00:04:42,480 --> 00:04:43,740 The names were changed. 77 00:04:45,720 --> 00:04:46,770 Question number two. 78 00:04:48,510 --> 00:04:54,750 Question says Michael Faherty suggested that Perkins enrol at the Royal College of Chemistry. 79 00:04:55,260 --> 00:04:57,810 Here is the matching passage sentence. 80 00:04:58,020 --> 00:05:01,860 You would find this, of course, by scanning the passage and looking for it. 81 00:05:02,520 --> 00:05:02,820 All right. 82 00:05:02,820 --> 00:05:06,810 So Michael Faraday suggested that Perkins and role at the Royal College of Chemistry. 83 00:05:06,900 --> 00:05:14,940 The sentence from the passage, it says The young chemist Perkins became very excited after hearing 84 00:05:14,940 --> 00:05:19,230 speeches and decided to attend the Royal College of Chemistry. 85 00:05:20,900 --> 00:05:21,290 All right. 86 00:05:21,290 --> 00:05:27,320 So we have to look when we're doing a comparison of the two sentences, when you where you're comparing 87 00:05:27,320 --> 00:05:33,170 the question and you're comparing the sentence in the passage, you're looking at the question, looking 88 00:05:33,170 --> 00:05:37,760 at the question and saying, is all the information here true? 89 00:05:37,790 --> 00:05:40,820 Are the nouns and verbs and adjectives and adverbs true? 90 00:05:41,150 --> 00:05:45,080 Is something changed in the question that will be false? 91 00:05:45,350 --> 00:05:47,570 Is something missing? 92 00:05:47,600 --> 00:05:50,660 Is something missing from the question? 93 00:05:51,600 --> 00:05:51,990 All right. 94 00:05:51,990 --> 00:05:56,610 Is something missing from the question that will make it be not given? 95 00:05:56,940 --> 00:06:02,700 Now, our question, says Michael Faherty, suggested that Perkins and role at the Royal College of 96 00:06:02,700 --> 00:06:03,530 Chemistry. 97 00:06:03,540 --> 00:06:07,290 So again, we can look at the question and really tell what they're focusing on. 98 00:06:07,380 --> 00:06:09,510 Did Michael Faherty suggest this? 99 00:06:09,840 --> 00:06:11,310 Is that what he suggested? 100 00:06:11,910 --> 00:06:14,670 Our passage sentence, says the young chemist. 101 00:06:14,670 --> 00:06:21,240 Perkins became very excited after hearing speeches and decided to attend the Royal College of Chemistry. 102 00:06:21,480 --> 00:06:21,870 All right. 103 00:06:21,870 --> 00:06:25,890 So stop the tape if you want to try to answer it for yourself. 104 00:06:29,150 --> 00:06:32,690 So the answer here would be not given. 105 00:06:33,740 --> 00:06:35,240 Not given. 106 00:06:35,450 --> 00:06:37,230 Why is it not given? 107 00:06:37,250 --> 00:06:46,490 Because when we look at the sentence from the passage, we don't know if Michael Faraday suggested that 108 00:06:46,490 --> 00:06:47,510 he go or not. 109 00:06:47,600 --> 00:06:50,520 We don't know if somebody else suggested that we go. 110 00:06:50,540 --> 00:06:51,950 We don't know. 111 00:06:51,980 --> 00:06:54,950 It's not given it doesn't tell us anything. 112 00:06:56,300 --> 00:06:57,920 It doesn't tell us anything. 113 00:06:58,730 --> 00:07:02,490 It doesn't tell us if somebody suggested that he go or not. 114 00:07:02,510 --> 00:07:03,710 We don't know. 115 00:07:05,270 --> 00:07:05,910 All right. 116 00:07:05,930 --> 00:07:07,550 It's missing. 117 00:07:07,850 --> 00:07:09,680 This information is missing. 118 00:07:09,980 --> 00:07:15,560 If it were false, it would say somebody else suggested that he go. 119 00:07:16,730 --> 00:07:19,220 Well, that's what they would say. 120 00:07:19,370 --> 00:07:20,870 If it were false. 121 00:07:20,870 --> 00:07:23,450 It would say somebody else suggested that he go. 122 00:07:24,530 --> 00:07:24,910 Right. 123 00:07:24,910 --> 00:07:28,090 If it were true, it would say Michael Faraday suggested that he'd go. 124 00:07:28,360 --> 00:07:30,310 But we don't know. 125 00:07:30,850 --> 00:07:31,410 All right. 126 00:07:31,420 --> 00:07:32,730 We don't know. 127 00:07:32,740 --> 00:07:36,490 When you don't know, the answer is not given. 128 00:07:37,210 --> 00:07:41,530 If you come, if it's maybe the answer is not given. 129 00:07:41,860 --> 00:07:43,810 True is always true. 130 00:07:43,840 --> 00:07:45,850 False is always false. 131 00:07:46,690 --> 00:07:54,310 Number three, Perkins was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous, the 132 00:07:54,310 --> 00:07:56,290 matching passage sentence. 133 00:07:56,380 --> 00:08:01,810 Not long after he became the youngest assistant, he made the finding that would bring him fame and 134 00:08:01,810 --> 00:08:02,590 fortune. 135 00:08:03,400 --> 00:08:08,380 All right, stop the tape if you want to try to do it yourself and come up with the answer. 136 00:08:10,600 --> 00:08:11,020 Again. 137 00:08:11,020 --> 00:08:15,100 Perkins was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous. 138 00:08:16,120 --> 00:08:16,740 All right. 139 00:08:17,160 --> 00:08:17,490 All right. 140 00:08:17,500 --> 00:08:22,300 So was a young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous. 141 00:08:22,600 --> 00:08:22,840 All right. 142 00:08:22,840 --> 00:08:28,480 So a question sentence is not all that long after he became the youngest assistant. 143 00:08:28,660 --> 00:08:30,310 So we see that he was young. 144 00:08:31,660 --> 00:08:37,360 He made the finding finding a center for discovery that will bring him fame and fortune. 145 00:08:37,360 --> 00:08:39,880 Fame and fortune is a synonym for rich and famous. 146 00:08:40,060 --> 00:08:45,850 So here we have a situation where the answer is true. 147 00:08:46,540 --> 00:08:48,100 The answer is true. 148 00:08:49,270 --> 00:08:53,170 And we're using synonym language here, finding for discovery. 149 00:08:53,200 --> 00:08:57,550 Bring him fame and fortune to synonym for making him rich and famous. 150 00:08:57,580 --> 00:09:02,680 So this is an example of a choice that is true. 151 00:09:02,710 --> 00:09:06,220 You will put true or yes as your answer for this one. 152 00:09:09,090 --> 00:09:16,440 Number four, the trees from which quinine is derived only grows in South America. 153 00:09:17,310 --> 00:09:21,780 The trees from which quinine is derived only grows in South America. 154 00:09:23,260 --> 00:09:23,670 All right. 155 00:09:23,670 --> 00:09:31,170 The matching passage sentence, the drug quinine is taken from the bark of the Giancola tree, which 156 00:09:31,170 --> 00:09:32,850 is found in South America. 157 00:09:33,030 --> 00:09:33,480 All right. 158 00:09:33,480 --> 00:09:36,000 You should stop the tape if you want to answer it yourself. 159 00:09:37,860 --> 00:09:44,520 All right, so the trees from from from which quinine is derived only grows in South America. 160 00:09:45,440 --> 00:09:45,780 All right. 161 00:09:45,780 --> 00:09:50,670 The drug quinine is taken from the bark of the chocolate tree, which is found in South America. 162 00:09:50,700 --> 00:09:55,810 Now we have to ask ourselves, do we have the tree here? 163 00:09:55,830 --> 00:09:56,990 Yes, we have the tree. 164 00:09:57,020 --> 00:09:58,290 We have a mention of a tree. 165 00:09:58,740 --> 00:09:59,370 All right. 166 00:09:59,640 --> 00:10:01,980 Do we have quinine? 167 00:10:02,010 --> 00:10:03,270 Yeah, we have that. 168 00:10:03,570 --> 00:10:04,730 We have South America. 169 00:10:04,740 --> 00:10:05,460 Yes. 170 00:10:06,240 --> 00:10:06,990 All right. 171 00:10:07,680 --> 00:10:11,010 Now derived is synonym for found. 172 00:10:11,400 --> 00:10:13,590 However, we're missing something. 173 00:10:14,420 --> 00:10:17,810 We're missing something in the passage sentence. 174 00:10:18,020 --> 00:10:19,220 It doesn't say that. 175 00:10:19,220 --> 00:10:21,420 It only grows in South America. 176 00:10:21,440 --> 00:10:23,850 It says found in South America. 177 00:10:23,870 --> 00:10:29,720 So this, the word only is an example of extreme language. 178 00:10:29,840 --> 00:10:36,020 When you have extreme language missing from the passage, when you have extreme language missing from 179 00:10:36,020 --> 00:10:43,970 the passage, if it's not there or there's no synonym of the extreme language, your answer is not given. 180 00:10:44,210 --> 00:10:47,180 We don't know when we look at the passage sentence. 181 00:10:47,390 --> 00:10:53,390 When we look at the passage sentence, we don't know if it is only found in South America. 182 00:10:53,390 --> 00:10:55,170 It says it's found in South America. 183 00:10:55,190 --> 00:10:59,020 When you look at the passage, maybe it is only in South America. 184 00:10:59,030 --> 00:10:59,750 Maybe it is. 185 00:10:59,750 --> 00:11:00,770 We don't know. 186 00:11:01,660 --> 00:11:02,070 Right. 187 00:11:02,080 --> 00:11:04,450 The passage sentence doesn't say it. 188 00:11:04,690 --> 00:11:06,250 It's missing. 189 00:11:06,550 --> 00:11:07,090 All right. 190 00:11:07,090 --> 00:11:11,080 Again, that's an example of not given. 191 00:11:11,830 --> 00:11:12,790 Are you getting it? 192 00:11:16,370 --> 00:11:23,030 Number five, Perkins was inspired by the famous discoveries of the scientist Louis Pasteur. 193 00:11:24,670 --> 00:11:30,430 Because of Lewis pastor's words, Perkins really decided what he wanted to be in life. 194 00:11:31,960 --> 00:11:32,650 All right. 195 00:11:33,010 --> 00:11:34,120 Do we have Perkins? 196 00:11:34,120 --> 00:11:35,380 Yep, we have that. 197 00:11:35,920 --> 00:11:36,610 All right. 198 00:11:37,000 --> 00:11:44,050 What you have to focus on here is, was he inspired by the discoveries of Louis Pasteur? 199 00:11:44,710 --> 00:11:44,980 All right. 200 00:11:45,760 --> 00:11:50,450 Our passage sentence says, because of Louis Pasteur, his words. 201 00:11:50,470 --> 00:11:55,000 Perkins decided what he wanted to be in life when he says he he decided what he wanted to be in life. 202 00:11:55,030 --> 00:11:56,860 That's like saying he was inspired. 203 00:11:58,460 --> 00:12:06,210 Question says he was inspired by the famous discoveries are our passage says because of his words. 204 00:12:06,230 --> 00:12:09,340 So here is an example of false. 205 00:12:09,770 --> 00:12:10,800 False. 206 00:12:11,300 --> 00:12:14,000 Because it's been changed. 207 00:12:14,000 --> 00:12:15,530 We have something that's different. 208 00:12:15,710 --> 00:12:19,670 Changed or different means false. 209 00:12:20,180 --> 00:12:24,470 The question, say, is inspired by discoveries. 210 00:12:24,980 --> 00:12:29,030 Here it says because of Lewis pastures words. 211 00:12:29,150 --> 00:12:31,940 Words are different than discoveries. 212 00:12:31,940 --> 00:12:32,650 All right. 213 00:12:32,660 --> 00:12:39,650 So if one sentence says he was inspired by the discoveries, but the passage says that he was it was 214 00:12:39,650 --> 00:12:41,450 because of the man's words. 215 00:12:41,690 --> 00:12:47,330 Then here we have an example of false, false, false, false. 216 00:12:47,330 --> 00:12:49,640 Are you getting it false? 217 00:12:52,760 --> 00:12:53,960 Question six. 218 00:12:54,980 --> 00:13:00,320 Marie Curie's husband was the joint winner of both Marie's Nobel Prizes. 219 00:13:01,040 --> 00:13:01,420 All right. 220 00:13:01,430 --> 00:13:07,560 Here we have our matching passage sentence with her husband, Pierre Curie and Henri Johnson. 221 00:13:07,610 --> 00:13:10,940 She won her first Nobel Prize in 1933. 222 00:13:11,240 --> 00:13:15,800 And then Marie was the sole winner of her 1935 Nobel Prize. 223 00:13:16,700 --> 00:13:25,010 So our question again says Marie Curie's husband was the joint winner of both Marie's Nobel Prizes. 224 00:13:25,370 --> 00:13:31,580 So what they probably are going to be focusing on here when we look at the question is, was he the 225 00:13:31,580 --> 00:13:33,440 joint winner of both? 226 00:13:33,530 --> 00:13:33,950 Right. 227 00:13:33,950 --> 00:13:38,930 Like I say, for most questions, you can really look and see what are they really going to focus on? 228 00:13:38,930 --> 00:13:42,320 Probably in deciding true or false or not given. 229 00:13:43,220 --> 00:13:43,490 Right. 230 00:13:43,490 --> 00:13:49,670 You can almost always look at the question and be able to tell what are they going to focus on to determine 231 00:13:49,670 --> 00:13:50,270 true or false? 232 00:13:50,270 --> 00:13:51,080 Not given. 233 00:13:51,710 --> 00:13:52,190 Right. 234 00:13:52,190 --> 00:13:55,160 So joint winner of both, right. 235 00:13:55,160 --> 00:14:03,980 When we look at the passage, it says that Pierre Curie and Henri Johnson with those two, she won her 236 00:14:03,980 --> 00:14:09,190 first Nobel Prize and then she was the sole winner of the 1935 prize. 237 00:14:09,200 --> 00:14:12,290 So number six is an example of false. 238 00:14:13,660 --> 00:14:18,250 Because number six, the question says her husband was a joint winner of both. 239 00:14:18,490 --> 00:14:24,640 But when we look at the passage sentence, it says her husband won the first one with her, but the 240 00:14:24,640 --> 00:14:27,830 second one when she the second one, she won by herself. 241 00:14:28,060 --> 00:14:30,040 Second one she won by herself. 242 00:14:30,040 --> 00:14:32,350 So he was not the joint winner of both. 243 00:14:32,380 --> 00:14:34,390 The information is different. 244 00:14:36,070 --> 00:14:37,470 The information is different. 245 00:14:37,480 --> 00:14:40,750 So this is an example of false for a lot of students. 246 00:14:40,750 --> 00:14:45,970 They really struggle with the difference between not giving and false. 247 00:14:46,510 --> 00:14:47,170 Right. 248 00:14:47,290 --> 00:14:50,050 False means the information has been changed. 249 00:14:50,650 --> 00:14:51,850 We have a different cause. 250 00:14:51,850 --> 00:14:53,440 We have a different source. 251 00:14:55,060 --> 00:14:58,810 When it's not given, it will mean that it's missing. 252 00:15:00,160 --> 00:15:00,820 All right. 253 00:15:01,270 --> 00:15:01,750 It will be. 254 00:15:01,750 --> 00:15:03,370 The information is missing. 255 00:15:03,730 --> 00:15:04,210 That's that. 256 00:15:04,210 --> 00:15:05,140 There's a difference. 257 00:15:05,140 --> 00:15:05,950 There's a difference. 258 00:15:05,950 --> 00:15:06,610 There's a difference. 259 00:15:06,610 --> 00:15:07,690 There's a difference. 260 00:15:08,260 --> 00:15:08,590 All right. 261 00:15:08,590 --> 00:15:14,770 So let's stop here and then we're going to do another video and and do some more more practice like 262 00:15:14,770 --> 00:15:15,160 this. 263 00:15:16,120 --> 00:15:16,960 Talk to you some.