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Okay.

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Moving forward, we're going to now get into our review of the question strategy for the yes no not

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giving question.

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As you know, this question is also referred to as the true false start giving question.

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So with the yes, no, not giving question in regards to just some basic information, this question

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is really asking you to compare two sentences is really a sentence comparison question.

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And so they're asking you to compare the question and the matching passage sentence and then determining

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if the question information is true, false or not given if the question information is true, false

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or not given.

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So really, you're comparing two sentences.

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You're comparing to two sentences.

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The first the first challenge is, of course, scanning.

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You have to be able to find the keywords and the question and then scan the passage and locate those

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keywords.

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Now, it's very helpful knowing that this question goes in order.

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So one job that you have is to be able to recognize the easiest question to find first.

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So, for example, if question number three has a person's name, Alexander Day, great, right?

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It has Alexander the Great as the name.

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And that name is going to be pretty easy to find, right?

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Pretty easy to find.

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So if a thing number 3/1 if a find number 3/1, that tells me that number two and one are directly above

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it and numbers four and five are below that.

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So having a really good scanning technique for this question is very helpful.

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Now, after you're able to scan for the matching sentence, you then have to determine, yes, no,

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not given.

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And that really involves your understanding how to recognize those categories.

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And because people come from different parts of the world, their interpretations of yes, knowing not

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given can be somewhat different.

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So it's important for you to understand, according to the Isles exam, what does yes mean?

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What does no mean?

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And then what is the meaning of not giving?

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So I'm going to go ahead and make sure that everybody has that.

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That clear understanding.

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Now a few more things before we go over that.

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This is an in order question type is a great question to complete first like within a question set within

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a question said it's a really good question to complete first.

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So if you're in reading passage number one and you have a paragraph location question, a matching question

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and a yes no, not given question, I would do the yes no not giving question first because it goes

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in order and it also gives me an opportunity to look at the passage while I'm answering the yes no,

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not giving question that way.

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When I go back and do the paragraph location and the matching question, it makes it much easier.

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Also, this question with this question right around probably around 80 or 85% of it is going to be

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a single sentence to a single sentence match.

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However, one thing that they've been doing lately on the exam, one thing they've been doing is they've

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been using two sentences from the passage to create a question.

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So within, for example, paragraph number two, they may use some language from sentence number two

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and some language from sentence number three to create a compound sentence as a question or use that

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language to create a question.

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And so now you may have to look at two sentences instead of one sentence.

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So they're doing that more and more.

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Those are just some of the things that they're doing to make to increase the difficulty level of the

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exam.

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And so you want to be aware of that because that's that's something I've been been noticing lately.

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Now let's go ahead and get into true, false and not given and what that means.

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So when we say true, we mean 100% true.

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That means every element of the question must be present.

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Every essential element of the question must be present in the matching passage sentence.

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Remember, you're comparing the question to the passage, not the passage to the question.

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Also, don't make inferences.

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Do not make an inference.

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You're not required.

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You're not making an inference.

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Right.

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Something is either 100% true.

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You can't say, well, maybe or I'm inferring truth.

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That's not the way it works.

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False is where something has been changed.

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Something has been changed.

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It does false does not mean a missing element.

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And a lot of students get confused with that.

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False means that something is different or changed from the question to the passage, the matching passage

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sentence, and then would not, given what we're dealing with we're not given is where you have something

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missing.

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Some part of the question language, the object, the subject, some type of restrictive language like

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only or always is missing when compared when you're comparing it to the matching passage sentence,

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when information is missing, when it's missing, the answer is not given.

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All right.

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The answer is not given.

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You have to and some people get confused between false and not giving false is when something is changed,

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something is changed or different.

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Not given is where something is missing.

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So I was looking at the way this works.

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So here we see a series.

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What I've done here is you have the question and the matching passage language right above and below

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each other.

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So, for example, this first one, it says it is generally believed that large numbers of people were

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needed to build the pyramids.

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And then when you look at the matching sentence, it says the conventional picture that's the synonym

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for what generally believed is that tens of thousands of slaves dragged stones on sledges.

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Large numbers of people, tens of thousands.

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That's a match.

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So now we have a match, and therefore this answer would be true.

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Now, some of you may be saying, well, where does this talk about building the pyramids?

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Look at the previous sentence.

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This is what I was talking about before, right there using language from the first sentence and the

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second sentence to create the question.

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Right.

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They've taken the language from the first sentence in the second sentence, combine that information

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together to create the question.

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But the the matching length, the language that we need to look for and make sure that we see is conventional.

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We're just sitting in for generally in large numbers, which is synonym for tens of thousands.

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Everything is there.

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So then we have a true answer.

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And then for the second one, it says, Clemons found a strange hieroglyph on the wall of an Egyptian

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monument.

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Okay.

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Now it says now a California software consultant named Maureen Clements has suggested that Kites might

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have been involved while perusing a book.

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On the monuments of Egypt.

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She noticed a hieroglyph that showed a row of men standing in odd postures.

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So this is an example of false because something has been changed, changed or different between the

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question and the passage.

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Right.

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Between the question and the passage and the question.

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It says she saw the hieroglyph on the wall of an Egyptian monument.

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In the passage.

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It says she saw this while perusing a book.

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That is an example of something that has been changed or different.

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That's when something is false.

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Number three, Grebe had previously done experiments on bird flight.

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Intrigued, Clemens contacted Morteza Grebe, aeronautics professor at the California Institute of Technology.

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He was fascinated by the idea coming from Iran.

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Iran I have a keen interest in Middle Eastern science, he says.

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He, too, was puzzled by the picture that had sparked Clemens interest.

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Now, in this situation, there is language from the question.

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There's language from the question that is missing in the passage, in the matching passage sentence.

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There's nothing that says Grebe did experiments on bird flight.

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Nothing.

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Nothing.

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Nothing.

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Right is missing.

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That means that information is that means you put the answer is not given because there's question there's

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language from the question that is not mentioned in the matching passes sentence or sentence is that's

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how you do true false in not giving everybody.

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That's how you do.

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Yes.

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No, not given.

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Let's look at another example.

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Right.

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In this one.

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It says European settlers built fences to keep their cattle and horses inside.

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European says European settlers built fences to keep their cattle and horses inside.

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The sentence says cattle and horses were brought ashore in the early 1600s and found hospitable climate

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and terrain in North America.

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Right.

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So this is an example of false.

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This is an example of false because something has been changed in number nine.

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It says the European settlers built fences to keep them inside.

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However, in this instance I just wrote in the sentence I just read it says that they brought they brought

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the cattle and horses ashore where they found hospitable climate and terrain.

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That means they were allowed to go free.

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They were not kept inside.

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Right.

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That is opposite.

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That is changed.

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That is different.

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That's false.

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Number ten says the indigenous people have been brutally killed by the European colonist.

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And then when you look at number ten in paragraph E, that other language you see highlighted is for

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another question.

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It's for a different question.

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For a different type of question.

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It might be a fill the blank question or something else, but we're looking at paragraph E.

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And it says indigenous peoples suffered from white brutality, alcoholism, the killing and driving

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off of gain.

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And it says the indigenous people have been brutally killed by the European colonists.

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And here.

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Our situation to answer is going to be true.

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Is going to be true.

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It's going to be true.

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All right.

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Now.

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Let's move on.

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And I'll do one more example for you guys.

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In this one.

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Look at number eight.

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It says Bingham.

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Bingham went to South America in search of an Inca city.

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And then in paragraph A, it says His goal was to locate the remains of a city called Viscose, the

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last capital of the Inca civilization.

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So we have a match there, right?

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We have a match there.

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His goal was to locate the remains of a city called Viscose, the last capital of the Inca civilization.

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So he did go to South America.

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He did go in search of an Inca city.

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And then for number nine, it says Bingham chose a particular route down the Yoram Bamba Valley because

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it was the most common route used by travelers.

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All right.

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And it says in paragraph B, when Bingham and his team set off down the rumba in late July, that's

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how I know we're in the right sentence.

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They had an advantage over travelers who had preceded them.

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A track had been blasted down the Valley Canyon to enable rubber to be brought up by mules from the

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jungle.

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So here we have look.

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Look at what it says.

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Right.

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Look at what it says.

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Right.

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And see if you can see why the answer is false.

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But Bingham chose a particular route because it was the most common route used by travelers.

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But here it says they had an advantage over over travelers, an advantage over travelers who have preceded

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them.

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00:14:02,520 --> 00:14:09,480
A track had been recently blasted down to Valley Canyon to enable rubber to be brought up by mules and

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mules from the jungle.

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So it was not the most common route used by travelers.

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Right.

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This is an example of an answer that is false.

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Okay.

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00:14:23,510 --> 00:14:24,590
Let's look at another one.

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So we're looking at a yes no non given question.

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We see the strategy over there.

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00:14:29,870 --> 00:14:34,550
Identify the key words, start with the easiest to scan, read the sentence match, play the answer

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00:14:34,550 --> 00:14:35,330
strategy.

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00:14:36,170 --> 00:14:42,570
So number one, it says, in the United States, farmers use honeybees in large scale.

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Over the past few years.

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00:14:44,690 --> 00:14:47,810
So in paragraph B, we see the answer.

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Number one is yes.

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00:14:49,490 --> 00:14:56,060
The total number of hives involved in the US pollination industry has been somewhere between 2.5 million

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00:14:56,060 --> 00:14:58,160
and 3 million in recent years.

220
00:15:00,670 --> 00:15:03,610
So here we have a match, right?

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00:15:04,060 --> 00:15:15,760
In recent years in recent years is a synonym for over the past few years in large scale is a synonym

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for 2.5 million to 3 million.

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00:15:17,770 --> 00:15:25,000
And then we see in the United States and we see the pollination industry, which is synonym for farms

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or farming.

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Right.

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So all the information is there.

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They're using synonyms.

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They're using synonyms.

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So you have to be able to recognize synonym language.

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That's an example of.

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00:15:38,700 --> 00:15:39,390
Yes.

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Number two is right here in terms of not giving, because number two is about clean farming.

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00:15:46,930 --> 00:15:49,240
And here we see the language for clean farming.

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00:15:52,050 --> 00:15:58,750
So it says, meanwhile, American farmers began using large quantities of insecticides.

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I'm not going to try to pronounce that word organophosphate.

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00:16:01,300 --> 00:16:02,160
And I guess they will.

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00:16:02,160 --> 00:16:10,920
Quantities of organophosphate insecticides planted large scale crop monocultures and adopted clean farming

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00:16:10,920 --> 00:16:17,460
practices that scrubbed native native native vegetation from field margins and roadsides.

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00:16:17,460 --> 00:16:18,030
Now.

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00:16:19,030 --> 00:16:20,020
In the question.

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00:16:20,020 --> 00:16:21,040
It says what?

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00:16:21,700 --> 00:16:26,170
It says that the cleaning farming practices will be harmful to farmers.

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00:16:27,120 --> 00:16:33,210
When we look at this matching sentence information, do we see anywhere there says that it's harmful

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00:16:33,210 --> 00:16:34,050
to farmers?

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00:16:34,080 --> 00:16:34,980
Farmers.

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00:16:35,430 --> 00:16:38,550
Now, in the next sentence, it says these practices.

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And we can read that next sentence because it says these practices.

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That's a reference pronoun.

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That means that those two sentences are connected.

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It says they kill many bees.

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But it does not say anywhere that it would be harmful to farmers.

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And what you don't do is make an inference.

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In addition to that, you don't use your own background knowledge and say, well, I work in that industry,

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or I read something in a magazine somewhere in a city.

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No, you only base an answer on what is available from the question.

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And then number three, it says The Blue Orchard be is the most efficient pollinator among native bees

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for every crop.

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Now, when I look at that sentence for number three, the language that really jumps out to me is the

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language, every crop, every, because the word every is like all, always none.

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It's extreme language.

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I know they like to play around with that language.

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To make answers, to be yes, though, are not given.

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So you look in paragraph E.

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And it says, on the other hand, native bees can be much more efficient pollinators of certain crops

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than honeybees.

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So you don't need as many to as many to do the job.

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For example, again, these two sentences are connected because it says, for example, about 750 blue

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orchard bees.

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Can pollinate a hectare of apples or almonds.

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So this is clearly an answer that is going to be no.

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Because in the question it says they're the most efficient for every crop.

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In the past, it just says they're they're more efficient for apples or orchard crops.

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Right.

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This is different.

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They're saying something different in the question.

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They said every crop in the passages said for apples and almonds that means it's limited to two.

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All right.

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So coming up next, we're going to be taking a look at full passage application, scanning and answer

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application.

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Thanks for joining me and I hope you have a little bit more clear understanding of what.

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What is.

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Yes, what is know and what is not given.

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Thanks a lot and I look forward to teaching you again soon.

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Take.