1 00:00:01,620 --> 00:00:01,850 Okay. 2 00:00:02,160 --> 00:00:03,420 Practice number three. 3 00:00:04,470 --> 00:00:04,740 All right. 4 00:00:04,740 --> 00:00:09,000 In practice number three, we have one of the other types of questions. 5 00:00:10,110 --> 00:00:10,320 Right. 6 00:00:10,410 --> 00:00:13,920 Which two problems of the students identify with learning videos? 7 00:00:14,900 --> 00:00:20,030 When discussing the present research, Maya is surprised that choose two letters. 8 00:00:21,180 --> 00:00:24,000 Choose two letters very quickly. 9 00:00:24,030 --> 00:00:27,090 Some people say, what if I get one right and get one wrong? 10 00:00:27,120 --> 00:00:29,580 You get credit for every correct answer. 11 00:00:30,960 --> 00:00:33,060 You get credit for every correct answer. 12 00:00:33,300 --> 00:00:36,870 Also, people ask me, Does does it matter which order I put it in? 13 00:00:36,900 --> 00:00:37,830 It doesn't matter. 14 00:00:38,790 --> 00:00:40,650 You can put b, c, c. 15 00:00:41,130 --> 00:00:41,980 It doesn't matter. 16 00:00:42,000 --> 00:00:43,830 Add to that. 17 00:00:43,950 --> 00:00:44,970 That doesn't matter. 18 00:00:45,480 --> 00:00:50,580 You get one point for every correct answer, one point for every correct answer. 19 00:00:51,600 --> 00:00:56,340 So I'm going to play the audio and we're answering questions 21 through 26. 20 00:01:02,870 --> 00:01:07,100 Exam Practice Test two listening part three. 21 00:01:07,370 --> 00:01:14,270 You will hear two early education students called Maya and Daniel talking about research into how babies 22 00:01:14,270 --> 00:01:15,590 and children learn. 23 00:01:15,830 --> 00:01:18,230 First, you have time to look at questions. 24 00:01:18,230 --> 00:01:20,120 21 to 26. 25 00:01:50,680 --> 00:01:53,110 Now listen carefully and answer questions. 26 00:01:53,110 --> 00:01:55,060 21 to 26. 27 00:01:59,210 --> 00:02:05,840 So, Daniel, should we compare a few ideas for our assignment on how babies and children learn? 28 00:02:05,870 --> 00:02:07,010 Good idea. 29 00:02:07,040 --> 00:02:08,750 I've started the reading. 30 00:02:08,780 --> 00:02:12,260 One thing I read about was these learning videos. 31 00:02:12,290 --> 00:02:13,460 Oh yeah. 32 00:02:13,460 --> 00:02:15,630 I read about learning videos. 33 00:02:15,650 --> 00:02:19,800 The baby watches a short film with some basic vocabulary. 34 00:02:19,820 --> 00:02:21,430 Maths and science. 35 00:02:21,440 --> 00:02:23,570 And they learn as they watch. 36 00:02:23,600 --> 00:02:24,920 That's the idea. 37 00:02:24,950 --> 00:02:29,540 Certainly babies will pay attention to videos for long periods of time. 38 00:02:29,570 --> 00:02:35,270 Yeah, but there's been research to show that babies don't learn effectively from screens. 39 00:02:35,330 --> 00:02:40,610 Actually, they learn by interacting with their parents and other caregivers. 40 00:02:40,640 --> 00:02:42,440 That's the best approach. 41 00:02:42,590 --> 00:02:43,440 Hmm. 42 00:02:43,460 --> 00:02:44,930 It's interesting. 43 00:02:45,020 --> 00:02:49,310 Another issue with learning videos is that babies ought to have playtime. 44 00:02:49,340 --> 00:02:50,930 You mean in a group? 45 00:02:50,960 --> 00:02:52,250 Not necessarily. 46 00:02:52,280 --> 00:02:54,110 It can be alone, actually. 47 00:02:54,260 --> 00:02:58,760 But what's important is that they investigate their own environment. 48 00:02:58,910 --> 00:03:05,630 They should examine the objects around them and experiment so they discover information for themselves. 49 00:03:05,630 --> 00:03:08,990 And they don't get that sitting in front of a film. 50 00:03:09,050 --> 00:03:10,760 That's a good point. 51 00:03:10,790 --> 00:03:16,400 Then I also thought I'd write about the present research in my assignment. 52 00:03:16,580 --> 00:03:17,360 Oh yeah. 53 00:03:17,660 --> 00:03:21,980 I read a bit about the present research and it's true, isn't it? 54 00:03:22,010 --> 00:03:28,070 When you give a baby a present or gift, some of them are more interested in the wrapping paper than 55 00:03:28,070 --> 00:03:29,600 the present itself. 56 00:03:29,720 --> 00:03:31,700 But it's not some of them. 57 00:03:31,730 --> 00:03:37,500 The research shows that pretty much every baby prefers the paper to the present. 58 00:03:37,520 --> 00:03:41,720 Whether male or female, it's just a human characteristic. 59 00:03:41,750 --> 00:03:42,750 Really? 60 00:03:42,770 --> 00:03:45,290 I'd thought there'd be more exceptions. 61 00:03:45,320 --> 00:03:46,970 Apparently not. 62 00:03:47,000 --> 00:03:53,360 It seems that playing with the paper or ribbons or box stimulates the baby's senses. 63 00:03:53,600 --> 00:03:58,370 They touch everything, climb into the box, put the ribbon into their mouths. 64 00:03:58,370 --> 00:04:06,980 And brain scans have shown that sight, sound, touch, smell and taste are all stimulated in this way. 65 00:04:07,100 --> 00:04:14,210 It's amazing the research has produced so much specific information just from studying presents. 66 00:04:14,450 --> 00:04:20,930 I hadn't expected that the results cover so many different aspects of baby behaviour. 67 00:04:20,960 --> 00:04:22,730 Yeah, exactly. 68 00:04:22,730 --> 00:04:29,690 But it shows us that babies learn by playing, so we shouldn't stop wrapping up babies presents. 69 00:04:29,720 --> 00:04:31,700 No, definitely not. 70 00:04:32,000 --> 00:04:36,110 Then I also read about babies and second languages. 71 00:04:36,260 --> 00:04:40,790 There was a really interesting bilingual experiment in Spain. 72 00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:48,170 They tried teaching English to a group of 280 Spanish children in different preschools. 73 00:04:48,170 --> 00:04:51,230 So the research subjects were in different schools. 74 00:04:51,350 --> 00:04:57,380 Yes, but the researchers deliberately selected teachers who all had the same education. 75 00:04:57,530 --> 00:05:02,340 They'd been trained to use a style that focused on play and social interaction. 76 00:05:02,360 --> 00:05:07,370 So because of that, the experiment was standardised across all the schools. 77 00:05:07,400 --> 00:05:08,930 That's really important. 78 00:05:08,960 --> 00:05:10,550 Yeah, I agree. 79 00:05:10,550 --> 00:05:12,620 That was a great idea. 80 00:05:12,890 --> 00:05:19,160 The subjects were aged between seven months and three years old and the children were given a one hour 81 00:05:19,160 --> 00:05:21,360 English lesson for 18 weeks. 82 00:05:21,380 --> 00:05:23,900 Did they seem to enjoy the lessons? 83 00:05:23,930 --> 00:05:30,260 I don't have any information on that, but at the end of the experiment, each child could produce an 84 00:05:30,260 --> 00:05:34,010 average of 74 English words or phrases. 85 00:05:34,010 --> 00:05:36,240 But did they remember them? 86 00:05:36,260 --> 00:05:37,120 Wow. 87 00:05:37,130 --> 00:05:41,530 Follow up testing showed that the classes had a long term benefit. 88 00:05:41,540 --> 00:05:42,450 Yes. 89 00:05:42,470 --> 00:05:43,270 Wow. 90 00:05:43,280 --> 00:05:48,290 That's remarkable, especially considering some of the children were so young. 91 00:05:48,320 --> 00:05:49,670 I think so, too. 92 00:05:49,700 --> 00:05:54,080 It really shows how babies and small children can learn through playing. 93 00:05:54,110 --> 00:05:54,890 Yeah. 94 00:05:54,890 --> 00:05:58,070 I wonder if other schools will try the same thing in future. 95 00:05:58,280 --> 00:06:00,560 It'll be interesting to see what happens. 96 00:06:04,170 --> 00:06:04,740 Before. 97 00:06:07,100 --> 00:06:13,970 So the answer choice is number 21 is E Daniel said actually they learn by interacting with their parents 98 00:06:13,970 --> 00:06:14,930 and other caregivers. 99 00:06:14,930 --> 00:06:15,860 That's best. 100 00:06:17,770 --> 00:06:18,320 Okay. 101 00:06:19,960 --> 00:06:22,030 Number 22 is B. 102 00:06:23,560 --> 00:06:25,090 23 is see? 103 00:06:26,180 --> 00:06:43,910 24 is B, 25 is DD and 26 is A again, 21 is E, 22 is B, 23 is C, 24 is B, 25 is D. 104 00:06:44,210 --> 00:06:45,680 26 is A. 105 00:06:50,900 --> 00:06:56,090 Like I told you, it doesn't matter if you write E, B or B, that does not matter. 106 00:07:02,530 --> 00:07:04,180 All right, practice number four. 107 00:07:07,120 --> 00:07:08,410 Somebody has a question. 108 00:07:15,110 --> 00:07:16,400 Number 25. 109 00:07:29,830 --> 00:07:31,180 25. 110 00:07:34,910 --> 00:07:42,560 In my 25, they said yes, but deliberately selected teachers who all had the same education choice. 111 00:07:42,590 --> 00:07:47,210 DH says the fact that the teachers had the same training. 112 00:07:48,610 --> 00:07:49,180 Right. 113 00:07:49,360 --> 00:07:51,190 The fact that they had the same training. 114 00:07:51,190 --> 00:07:53,620 So it's not really about the word deliberately. 115 00:07:54,250 --> 00:07:54,700 Right. 116 00:07:54,730 --> 00:08:01,600 The Choice RD is a paraphrase of teachers who had all the same education. 117 00:08:02,360 --> 00:08:05,180 Teachers that had they all had all the same training. 118 00:08:06,230 --> 00:08:08,990 You could say, you know, saying deliberately. 119 00:08:09,710 --> 00:08:11,810 Is related to them saying the fact that. 120 00:08:11,810 --> 00:08:12,920 I mean, you could say that. 121 00:08:12,920 --> 00:08:13,610 Yes. 122 00:08:14,540 --> 00:08:16,100 You could possibly say that. 123 00:08:22,580 --> 00:08:24,350 No, I'm not going to play it again. 124 00:08:24,860 --> 00:08:25,300 I got to. 125 00:08:25,550 --> 00:08:30,200 I'm going through what I've got to go through the other examples so I cannot play it again. 126 00:08:31,400 --> 00:08:42,410 But, you know, I'm going to end up when I when I load this into the course, we'll put something in 127 00:08:42,410 --> 00:08:45,440 the in the lecture description that tells you where this came from. 128 00:08:45,440 --> 00:08:47,360 And you can listen to it again on your own. 129 00:08:47,690 --> 00:08:50,930 But right now, there's no time for that, for me to be playing it again. 130 00:08:50,930 --> 00:08:51,650 Sorry. 131 00:08:52,910 --> 00:08:57,470 But I will enable it and enable you in the course to know where it came from and you can be able to 132 00:08:57,470 --> 00:08:58,190 listen to it.