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‫Welcome back.

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‫We're now going to look at some more general vocabulary for the ALS test.

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‫And again, it's something that will be specifically useful to you in the speaking and writing sections

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‫of the Eilts test, and it is connectives.

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‫So in this lesson, we'll be looking at some examples of connectives that you need to be able to use

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‫for the ALS test.

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‫Let's take a look at our vocabulary list, so we have starting from the top, but also because as well

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‫as consequently whereas on top of that, so just to make clear, connectives are used in the middle

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‫of a sentence to connect ideas together or to give extra detail, all in a similar way to opinion openers.

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‫They could also be to possibly show a contrast in thinking or opinion.

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‫So here are six connectives that I think you can definitely use in your child's test.

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‫And if they're used very well, I'm sure they could help to boost your score.

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‫So let's go to our first example, which is.

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‫But also.

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‫And here is some examples in use, driving cars can be great fun, but also saves you a lot of time.

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‫We can see that this connected, but also is joining these ideas together.

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‫These two ideas, driving cars is fun and it saves you time.

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‫So we using this connective but also to connect two ideas together.

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‫And let's take a look at the second example.

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‫The weather in winter is very cool, but also often quite windy.

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‫So once again, we have two ideas, very cool and often windy.

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‫So I'm using the connective to join these ideas together.

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‫Let's take a look at the next connective because often considered a slightly simpler connective.

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‫But that doesn't mean that you shouldn't use it in your child's test because is often used to explain

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‫and give reason for something.

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‫I don't get much chance to travel because I have a very busy schedule.

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‫And highlighted in blue is the collocation, a very commonly used phrase, busy schedule.

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‫So we're giving reason.

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‫I don't travel much because I'm too busy, because we use it to give reason to our ad speaking or writing.

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‫Okay, let's move on to the second example.

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‫The drink is very sour because I added lots of lemon and lime juice so that we have some examples for

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‫because and now we'll have a looked at as well as this connective is used to add extra detail in our

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‫speaking or writing.

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‫It's certainly true Brazil is hot as well as very beautiful.

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‫And the second example, buying a house can be very stressful as well as very expensive.

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‫You could also say that as well as is very similar to and the connective end.

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‫But we want to show off our language skills.

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‫So using as well as is probably better in your child's test.

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‫So as well as for adding extra detail to your speaking or writing and the next example, consequently,

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‫so we use consequently at a quite high level connected when we're giving cause and effect type thinking

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‫in our speaking or writing, consequently is what we use to begin discussing the effect of something.

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‫For example, it rained.

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‫Consequently, I used my umbrella.

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‫That's just a quick example for you that so cause and effect.

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‫Let's take a look at the examples.

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‫In the last few years, food prices have increased and consequently people are spending less.

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‫So we have this sort of problem.

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‫The food prices have increased and what was the effect?

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‫Consequently, people are spending less.

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‫So once again, we're giving a cause, a problem and the effects.

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‫But before we discuss the effect we use consequently and the next example, due to global warming,

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‫sea levels have risen and consequently land is being lost to the sea.

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‫So we have this problem of global warming and sea levels.

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‫What's the effect of it?

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‫Consequently, land is being lost.

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‫So we have just two examples for the use of consequently to show the effect of something I would say

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‫consequently is a slightly higher level connective.

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‫So if you can use it accurately in the out test, I would suggest doing so because it shows a level

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‫of fluency in English and our next connective is where as which is used to show and contrast a difference

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‫in thinking or the opposite of something.

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‫Here are some examples.

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‫Art is considered a more creative subject, whereas science is more academic.

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‫The countryside is very peaceful, whereas cities are often noisy and chaotic.

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‫A few examples of the connective where us and finally we have on top of that and we use this phrase,

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‫this sort of long connective phrase on top of that to add extra detail.

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‫It's almost the same as using and but it's more interesting.

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‫So we should try and use it to add some examples.

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‫First, the flight was canceled.

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‫Then on top of that, I lost my wallet.

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‫So the flight was canceled.

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‫And on top of that, I lost my wallet.

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‫So extra detail managers should treat employees well and on top of that, treat them with respect.

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‫I've highlighted this treat with respect, says we often use these words together.

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‫We give someone respect or we treat someone with respect.

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‫OK, so that's our final example for connective on top of that.

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‫Here are all six connectives for you.

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‫Practice using them in your speaking and writing Trion write some example sentences using these connectives.

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‫If you have any questions, please go to the Q and A section.

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‫See you in the next lesson.