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Okay we're almost there.

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Now let's talk about how to write the last paragraph or the last paragraphS of your introduction section.

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And even though this part tends to be relatively short there's actually a lot of important stuff going

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on there.

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First you want to state clearly what your research question is.

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So here you will see an expression such as: The goal of the present article is to...

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And then you say what your research is about. OR even quite explicitly: The research question of the present

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article is... and then you say the question. And in my experience it's better to be too explicit than to

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be too subtle because this is what your research is about your reader has to get that.

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Okay so that is the first goal and then the second goal is to state your hypotheses/ predictions.

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So here you find an expression such as: We hypothesize that... Or: We predict that.... Or: Two hypotheses are

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conceivable... and so on.

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And then the final goal will be to give an outline of the rest of your research paper.

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This is particularly important if your research paper does not follow the normal format. For example,

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because it is not an empirical paper and it doesn't have... it doesn't fit into the conventional structure.

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And then you want to give an outline of what sections are coming and what you have been doing. Or if

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your paper does follow the standard format then you still want to give a rough outline of the research

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that you did.

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So you want to say something like: To test this hypothesis, we... and then you give a very rough description

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of the study that you did. Or you say: To answer this question, we...

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And then again you give a rough description of the study that you did. Or if you did several studies

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then you can say something like. For this purpose, we conducted (for example) three studies.

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First, ... describe study one. Second, ... you describe study two. Third,...

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you describe study three. Very straightforward. Okay.

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Let me show you another quick example

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what this can look like in text.

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The goal of the present article is to test the effectiveness of the refocus treatment.

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That's the research question.

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Okay then next: For this purpose, we randomly assigned people with a clinically diagnosed major depression

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to either a refocus treatment group or a placebo treatment group and compared self-reported levels

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of depression before and after these treatments.

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That would be the outline of the paper.

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And then finally: We have hypothesized that depression would decrease more after the refocus treatment

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compared to the placebo treatment.

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Now you may notice that this example does the three things that I just explained in a different order

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than I explained them. And that's fine because it doesn't really matter in which order you explain it.

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You can pick an order that works for you.

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All that matters is that you cover all these three goals.

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All right.

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So hopefully that makes clear how you write the last paragraph or the last paragraphs of the introduction

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section. If you want to, you can also download the example text that I showed you in this lecture and

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the two previous lectures from the resources of this lecture

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and then I see you in the next lecture.