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   "source": [
    "#### Functions in Python\n",
    "Video Outline:\n",
    "1. Introduction to Functions\n",
    "2. Defining Functions\n",
    "3. Calling Functions\n",
    "4. Function Parameters\n",
    "5. Default Parameters\n",
    "6. Variable-Length Arguments\n",
    "7. Return Statement"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "##### Introduction to Functions\n",
    "Definition:\n",
    "\n",
    "A function is a block of code that performs a specific task.\n",
    "Functions help in organizing code, reusing code, and improving readability.\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "## syntax\n",
    "def function_name(parameters):\n",
    "    \"\"\"Docstring\"\"\"\n",
    "    # Function body\n",
    "    return expression\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "the number is even\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "## why functions?\n",
    "num=24\n",
    "if num%2==0:\n",
    "    print(\"the number is even\")\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print(\"the number is odd\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def even_or_odd(num):\n",
    "    \"\"\"This function finds even or odd\"\"\"\n",
    "    if num%2==0:\n",
    "        print(\"the number is even\")\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        print(\"the number is odd\")\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "the number is even\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "## Call this function\n",
    "even_or_odd(24)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "6\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "## function with multiple parameters\n",
    "\n",
    "def add(a,b):\n",
    "    return a+b\n",
    "\n",
    "result=add(2,4)\n",
    "print(result)\n",
    "    "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hello Krish Welcome To the paradise\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "## Default Parameters\n",
    "\n",
    "def greet(name):\n",
    "    print(f\"Hello {name} Welcome To the paradise\")\n",
    "\n",
    "greet(\"Krish\")\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hello Krish Welcome To the paradise\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def greet(name=\"Guest\"):\n",
    "    print(f\"Hello {name} Welcome To the paradise\")\n",
    "\n",
    "greet(\"Krish\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "### Variable Length Arguments\n",
    "## Positional And Keywords arguments\n",
    "\n",
    "def print_numbers(*krish):\n",
    "    for number in krish:\n",
    "        print(number)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n",
      "8\n",
      "Krish\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print_numbers(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,\"Krish\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "## Positional arguments\n",
    "def print_numbers(*args):\n",
    "    for number in args:\n",
    "        print(number)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n",
      "8\n",
      "Krish\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print_numbers(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,\"Krish\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "### Keywords Arguments\n",
    "\n",
    "def print_details(**kwargs):\n",
    "    for key,value in kwargs.items():\n",
    "        print(f\"{key}:{value}\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "name:Krish\n",
      "age:32\n",
      "country:India\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print_details(name=\"Krish\",age=\"32\",country=\"India\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def print_details(*args,**kwargs):\n",
    "    for val in args:\n",
    "        print(f\" Positional arument :{val}\")\n",
    "    \n",
    "    for key,value in kwargs.items():\n",
    "        print(f\"{key}:{value}\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " Positional arument :1\n",
      " Positional arument :2\n",
      " Positional arument :3\n",
      " Positional arument :4\n",
      " Positional arument :Krish\n",
      "name:Krish\n",
      "age:32\n",
      "country:India\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print_details(1,2,3,4,\"Krish\",name=\"Krish\",age=\"32\",country=\"India\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### Return statements\n",
    "def multiply(a,b):\n",
    "    return a*b\n",
    "\n",
    "multiply(2,3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(6, 2)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### Return multiple parameters\n",
    "def multiply(a,b):\n",
    "    return a*b,a\n",
    "\n",
    "multiply(2,3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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