WEBVTT 00:00.170 --> 00:00.860 Hello guys. 00:00.860 --> 00:03.560 So we are going to continue the discussion with respect to Python. 00:03.560 --> 00:07.940 And in this video we are going to discuss about our next data structure, which is called as tuples. 00:07.970 --> 00:13.370 Already in our previous video we have seen about list and we had written a lot of code. 00:13.400 --> 00:18.380 You know, if you probably I go ahead and show you we had written somewhere around 54 lines of code. 00:18.380 --> 00:20.330 We understood about list comprehension. 00:20.330 --> 00:23.600 We saw different different methods, operations and many more things. 00:23.600 --> 00:27.380 Now, uh, in this session, what all things we are going to discuss. 00:27.380 --> 00:31.010 So I have actually given you the brief outline of the video. 00:31.010 --> 00:35.870 First of all, we are going to understand about tuples, how to create tuples, accessing tuple elements, 00:35.870 --> 00:37.340 tuple operation. 00:37.340 --> 00:40.070 What is this immutable nature of tuples. 00:40.070 --> 00:44.540 And what are some of the, uh tuples common tuple methods that are used. 00:44.540 --> 00:48.950 How to pack and unpack tuples, nested tuples and all these things. 00:48.950 --> 00:51.440 We are going to see with a lot of practical example. 00:51.470 --> 00:57.020 Now before I go ahead, first of all, let me just give you a small definition about tuples. 00:57.020 --> 00:57.410 Right. 00:57.410 --> 01:02.040 So tuples are ordered collection of items that are immutable. 01:02.070 --> 01:02.490 Right. 01:02.490 --> 01:06.480 So we'll understand about this particular meaning, which is called as immutable. 01:06.480 --> 01:09.660 If I talk about list, it is an ordered collection of items. 01:09.660 --> 01:13.710 And the items can be of any type and they are mutable, right. 01:13.710 --> 01:16.200 But here it is something like immutable. 01:16.200 --> 01:18.120 They are similar to list, but they are immutable. 01:18.360 --> 01:20.850 They are immutability makes them different. 01:20.880 --> 01:25.110 Now first of all, we'll try to understand how to go ahead and create a tuple. 01:25.110 --> 01:32.100 So for creating a tuple right we have to just use this two empty brackets. 01:32.100 --> 01:34.560 So let me just go ahead and write it over here. 01:34.560 --> 01:36.930 So this is my empty tuple okay. 01:36.960 --> 01:41.370 And just by using this two brackets right I will be able to create it. 01:41.400 --> 01:41.820 Right. 01:41.820 --> 01:48.270 And if I go ahead and display the print uh let me first of all print this empty tuple. 01:48.270 --> 01:53.580 And then we will also go ahead and display our type of this particular empty tuple. 01:54.090 --> 01:54.660 Okay. 01:54.750 --> 01:56.640 So here you have this. 01:56.640 --> 02:01.210 If I execute this you can see this is an empty tuple that is getting created in list. 02:01.240 --> 02:02.770 We use two square brackets. 02:02.770 --> 02:05.080 In this we are just using this rounded brackets. 02:05.110 --> 02:05.500 Right. 02:05.500 --> 02:09.760 And then over here you can see that I'm getting an empty tuple which is completely empty. 02:09.760 --> 02:14.590 And if I go ahead and see the type of empty tuple, it is nothing but tuple itself, right? 02:14.620 --> 02:17.230 Now if I probably consider list right. 02:17.230 --> 02:19.780 So list if I also use like this. 02:19.780 --> 02:20.200 Right. 02:20.200 --> 02:22.240 And if I go ahead and create an empty list. 02:22.240 --> 02:25.570 So I can also use this class directly and create an empty list. 02:25.600 --> 02:28.060 Okay, so this I missed in my previous video. 02:28.060 --> 02:30.610 So I'm just going to show it over here. 02:30.610 --> 02:36.370 And similarly if I want to probably create a tuple, let's say this is my tuple, I can actually go 02:36.400 --> 02:40.540 ahead and use the same type of class and create an empty tuple. 02:40.540 --> 02:45.190 So both the ways I'm actually trying to show you so that you understand both these ways. 02:45.220 --> 02:45.610 Right. 02:45.610 --> 02:50.740 So here you can see when I'm seeing the type of this, this will be an list and this will be tuple. 02:50.770 --> 02:51.040 Right. 02:51.040 --> 02:57.650 So you can also use this uh method in order to create an empty list or tuples. 02:57.680 --> 03:00.170 Okay inside this also I can put up elements. 03:00.170 --> 03:01.820 It is up to us right now. 03:01.820 --> 03:06.710 Let me go ahead and add some elements into this particular tuple okay. 03:06.740 --> 03:09.050 Now how do I add this particular elements. 03:09.050 --> 03:11.210 Uh uh inside this particular tuple. 03:11.210 --> 03:12.530 And uh how to do that. 03:12.560 --> 03:13.790 We'll be seeing a lot of methods. 03:13.790 --> 03:17.720 But here what I'm actually going to do, let me just go ahead and directly create a tuple. 03:17.720 --> 03:21.350 And if I go ahead and write tuple okay. 03:21.350 --> 03:25.880 And here I can actually give a list like 123456 okay. 03:25.880 --> 03:29.000 And now this list will get basically get converted into a tuple. 03:29.000 --> 03:34.310 So if I go ahead and display this numbers here, you can see that I'm actually getting a tuple right. 03:34.310 --> 03:37.760 So that basically means a list can be converted to a tuple. 03:37.760 --> 03:40.130 And even a tuple can be converted to a list. 03:40.160 --> 03:40.430 Right. 03:40.460 --> 03:45.290 So if I go ahead and basically write like this 123456. 03:45.290 --> 03:45.500 Right. 03:45.530 --> 03:48.200 So this is my uh tuple itself. 03:48.200 --> 03:51.830 And now if I go ahead and write list and I close this particular bracket. 03:51.830 --> 03:55.820 So here you'll be able to see that I'm able to get a list right list of elements. 03:55.820 --> 03:59.220 So both of the ways you can basically do the type conversion. 03:59.250 --> 03:59.670 Okay. 03:59.700 --> 04:05.820 Now as I said, uh, in tuples also you can let's say I'm going to probably go ahead and create my mixed 04:05.820 --> 04:06.900 tuple here. 04:06.900 --> 04:09.540 Also you can use different different data type elements. 04:09.570 --> 04:15.930 Let's say I want to use numerical I want to probably use string I want to go ahead and use a floating 04:15.930 --> 04:16.680 point number. 04:16.680 --> 04:19.440 I can also go ahead and use my boolean variable. 04:19.470 --> 04:19.800 Right. 04:19.800 --> 04:24.930 So now if I go ahead and print this then also this will get uh created. 04:24.930 --> 04:26.610 The tuple will basically get created. 04:26.640 --> 04:27.180 Okay. 04:27.240 --> 04:32.880 Now this is uh a basic information about tuple, how you can actually create and how you can proceed. 04:32.910 --> 04:33.390 Okay. 04:33.420 --> 04:35.400 Now let me do one thing quickly. 04:35.400 --> 04:40.050 Let me go ahead and explain you about the next thing that we are going to discuss. 04:40.080 --> 04:42.900 It is nothing but accessing tuple elements. 04:42.930 --> 04:43.500 Okay. 04:43.620 --> 04:45.480 Now for accessing tuple elements. 04:45.480 --> 04:48.120 What all things we really need to do that we will be discussing. 04:48.150 --> 04:48.390 Okay. 04:48.420 --> 04:50.490 Like I want to pick up any elements as such. 04:50.490 --> 04:52.260 So right now let me just go ahead and see. 04:52.260 --> 04:53.280 This is my numbers. 04:53.310 --> 04:55.750 Now here you can see that this is in the form of tuples. 04:55.750 --> 04:56.980 I have six elements. 04:56.980 --> 05:00.880 Let's say I go ahead and write numbers of zero okay. 05:00.910 --> 05:04.270 Or let me just go ahead and write it in the in line next line. 05:04.270 --> 05:06.370 So if I go ahead and write numbers of zero. 05:06.370 --> 05:09.310 So here I'll be able to see first element over here. 05:09.310 --> 05:10.870 This is my first zeroth index. 05:10.870 --> 05:12.370 I'm able to see it over here. 05:12.370 --> 05:14.110 Then I have two over here. 05:14.110 --> 05:14.320 Also. 05:14.320 --> 05:16.630 You can see I'm able to pick up these elements right. 05:16.660 --> 05:22.540 Similarly, if I go ahead and let's say that I'm just going to print this okay I want to pick up the 05:22.540 --> 05:23.980 last element okay. 05:24.010 --> 05:25.090 Last element. 05:25.090 --> 05:29.920 Either you can directly write the index or what I'm actually going to do, I'm just going to use minus 05:29.920 --> 05:30.190 one. 05:30.220 --> 05:30.430 Right. 05:30.460 --> 05:33.550 So I'll be able to get the last elements again. 05:33.640 --> 05:36.100 The indexing will be almost similar like a list. 05:36.130 --> 05:39.280 Even the slicing operation will be also similar like a list. 05:39.310 --> 05:46.030 Okay, so let's say I go ahead and write numbers and here I'll write zero colon four. 05:46.060 --> 05:49.990 That basically means I'll be able to get the element between zero index to the third index. 05:49.990 --> 05:52.870 So same slicing operation whatever things we have actually discussed. 05:52.900 --> 05:58.220 Similarly, if I go ahead and write numbers with double colon, right, I'll be able to see it. 05:58.220 --> 06:03.350 If I go ahead and write double colon minus one, I'll be able to get the reverse of all the tuple values 06:03.350 --> 06:05.840 right, but the return type will be always tuple. 06:05.870 --> 06:06.380 Okay. 06:06.380 --> 06:11.630 So all the indexing and slicing operation that we have actually done with the help of list. 06:12.080 --> 06:14.690 Similarly you can actually do it with the help of tuples. 06:14.720 --> 06:15.200 Okay. 06:15.230 --> 06:22.160 Then let's go ahead and see tuples operation tuple operations okay. 06:22.250 --> 06:28.730 Now tuple supports various operations like concatenation repetition and slicing okay. 06:28.730 --> 06:30.470 So we'll be discussing about that. 06:30.470 --> 06:33.980 Let's say I have numbers one tuple okay. 06:33.980 --> 06:38.480 And I had also created another tuple which is called as mixed tuple. 06:38.510 --> 06:38.810 Right. 06:38.810 --> 06:41.000 So this were the elements right. 06:41.030 --> 06:45.170 Now what if I just go ahead and write something like this. 06:45.170 --> 06:47.900 Numbers plus mixed tuple okay. 06:47.930 --> 06:51.260 So here in short this is an arithmetic operation. 06:51.260 --> 06:56.610 But since we have two pupils over here, I will definitely say this as a concatenation, right? 06:56.640 --> 06:59.160 Concatenation basically means combining two things, right? 06:59.190 --> 07:04.200 So here you'll be able to see I will just go ahead and write concatenation underscore tuple. 07:04.200 --> 07:06.660 And I will just go ahead and concatenate this. 07:06.660 --> 07:10.770 Now if I go ahead and print this concatenation right. 07:10.800 --> 07:15.450 Concatenation tuple you'll be able to see that I will be getting something like this. 07:15.450 --> 07:18.990 Now all this tuple both the elements of this particular tuple has been combined. 07:19.020 --> 07:23.580 So I have 123456 then one hello world 3.14 and two okay. 07:23.610 --> 07:27.390 Now let's say that I want to perform some more operations. 07:27.420 --> 07:27.600 Right. 07:27.630 --> 07:31.650 Let's say I want to go ahead and write something like this okay. 07:31.920 --> 07:34.560 Or repeated or let me do one thing. 07:34.560 --> 07:36.600 Let me just go ahead and create this. 07:37.770 --> 07:41.430 So I will just go ahead and do okay. 07:41.460 --> 07:44.940 Or I'll take this mixed tuple okay. 07:44.940 --> 07:47.880 And I will just try to multiply with an operation three. 07:47.910 --> 07:49.230 Now see what will happen. 07:49.230 --> 07:52.150 So here you can see mixed tuple had one. 07:52.180 --> 07:53.860 Hello world 3.14 and true. 07:53.890 --> 07:57.130 Now this has got entirely repeated three times, right? 07:57.130 --> 08:02.230 So in this kind of multiplication operation, what is basically happening is that the entire tuple is 08:02.230 --> 08:04.270 basically getting appended three times. 08:04.270 --> 08:04.840 Right. 08:04.900 --> 08:08.200 So that that is the reason we are basically doing an operation over here. 08:08.200 --> 08:14.020 So uh, so this is what is something different with respect to the calculation that we do. 08:14.050 --> 08:18.820 Now you may be thinking, Krish, what about if I try to do this with numbers right. 08:18.850 --> 08:20.350 Numbers multiplied by three. 08:20.380 --> 08:22.270 So here also the same thing will happen. 08:22.270 --> 08:24.310 So 123456123456. 08:24.310 --> 08:25.600 And 123456. 08:25.600 --> 08:31.210 You may be thinking, Krish, wasn't it like you have to probably multiply all these numbers that also 08:31.210 --> 08:35.890 we can do it, but we have to iterate it inside this particular tuple, get each element and then perform 08:35.890 --> 08:36.940 the numerical operation. 08:36.970 --> 08:37.360 Okay. 08:37.390 --> 08:42.730 But right now with respect to generic concatenation and this kind of operation here you can see that 08:42.730 --> 08:47.950 three times n number of times based on this multiplication that we are doing that many number of times, 08:47.950 --> 08:51.350 this tuple will get appended with respect to the element. 08:51.380 --> 08:51.920 Okay. 08:52.130 --> 08:54.410 So these are some of the basic operations. 08:54.500 --> 09:00.260 Now let's go ahead and discuss about immutable nature of tuples. 09:00.290 --> 09:00.740 Okay. 09:00.770 --> 09:03.860 This is important of tuples. 09:04.610 --> 09:09.680 Now in the immutable nature of tuples you need to understand one thing. 09:09.890 --> 09:13.040 And that is the first point that we have already learned right. 09:13.070 --> 09:16.520 Tuples are immutable okay. 09:16.550 --> 09:19.130 Meaning the elements cannot be changed once assigned. 09:19.160 --> 09:19.460 Okay. 09:19.490 --> 09:24.170 Let's say that I go ahead and create my list and I go ahead and write one, 234, five. 09:24.200 --> 09:24.620 Right. 09:24.650 --> 09:26.120 Now let me do one thing. 09:26.120 --> 09:27.320 List of zero. 09:28.340 --> 09:34.820 Or if I go ahead and print this specific list I will be okay. 09:34.850 --> 09:35.540 There is an error. 09:35.570 --> 09:36.350 Don't worry. 09:36.860 --> 09:37.310 Okay. 09:37.310 --> 09:39.620 So here you can see I'll be getting this specific element. 09:39.650 --> 09:41.630 Now let's see this okay. 09:41.660 --> 09:46.670 Now what I will do I will go ahead and take the first index and replace with it. 09:46.700 --> 09:47.870 Krish okay. 09:48.380 --> 09:49.950 Now I'll go ahead and print the list. 09:49.980 --> 09:51.360 Now see what will happen. 09:51.390 --> 09:53.310 So here we are changing the element. 09:53.310 --> 09:58.110 And this second index or this first index element has got replaced with crush. 09:58.140 --> 10:01.500 So this basically means list are mutable. 10:01.500 --> 10:04.530 That basically means the element can be changed once assigned. 10:04.620 --> 10:06.120 Now similar operation. 10:06.120 --> 10:10.140 If I try to do with the same numbers that we had, write in the form of tuple. 10:10.140 --> 10:13.470 If I go ahead and say hey, number of one, what is the number of one two? 10:13.500 --> 10:17.820 If I try to assign some value, let's say I try to assign a value called as crush. 10:17.850 --> 10:22.170 Here it says that hey tuple object does not support item assignment. 10:22.170 --> 10:26.580 And this is what immutable immutability comes into picture. 10:26.910 --> 10:28.590 Tuples are immutable. 10:28.590 --> 10:30.720 The elements cannot be changed once assigned. 10:30.750 --> 10:31.050 Okay. 10:31.080 --> 10:35.010 So here you can actually see what I exactly mean to say. 10:35.010 --> 10:35.460 Right. 10:35.460 --> 10:37.140 And this is very much important. 10:37.140 --> 10:41.940 That basically means once you have defined a tuple you cannot change the element inside that okay. 10:41.970 --> 10:45.030 Once it is assigned there are ways how you can do it. 10:45.030 --> 10:50.170 First of all, you can take the tuple, convert into a list, and then change the element, and then 10:50.170 --> 10:52.690 finally convert back again to the tuple if you want. 10:52.720 --> 10:55.210 Okay, that is how you can actually do okay. 10:55.240 --> 10:58.570 But by default you'll be seeing that tuples are immutable. 10:58.570 --> 10:59.230 Perfect. 10:59.230 --> 11:00.790 So till here we have understood. 11:00.820 --> 11:04.090 Now let's go ahead and discuss about tuple methods. 11:04.120 --> 11:04.690 Okay. 11:04.690 --> 11:06.400 And now in this tuple method. 11:06.400 --> 11:10.270 So we will be seeing uh two important methods in tuple. 11:10.270 --> 11:12.520 So let's go ahead and uh see this. 11:12.520 --> 11:14.830 So let's say this is my tuple number. 11:15.310 --> 11:22.030 Uh so one of the one of the example that I would like to show you, or one of the method that is commonly 11:22.030 --> 11:23.140 used with tuple. 11:23.140 --> 11:26.110 And there are only two methods that we specifically use okay. 11:26.140 --> 11:28.840 Numbers dot count okay. 11:28.870 --> 11:33.310 Let's say I want to count how many number of times one is present okay. 11:33.310 --> 11:34.930 So let me just go ahead and see this. 11:34.930 --> 11:36.490 And it is only present one time. 11:36.490 --> 11:39.100 Let me just go ahead and make a code over here. 11:39.100 --> 11:40.870 And let me just display the numbers. 11:40.870 --> 11:42.850 I have 123456 okay. 11:42.850 --> 11:49.320 So this count function is like it will just try to count how many number of times the element. 11:49.350 --> 11:52.800 The element that I have given over here is present in this specific tuple. 11:53.190 --> 11:58.770 The next thing is that I will go ahead and print our numbers dot. 11:58.800 --> 12:02.460 Let me just go and do one function which is called as index. 12:02.490 --> 12:05.700 Now let's say I want to understand what is the element present in the index. 12:05.700 --> 12:06.510 Third right. 12:06.540 --> 12:11.520 And if I go ahead and execute here you can see that in the third index 0123. 12:11.550 --> 12:11.970 Right. 12:12.000 --> 12:14.460 Or sorry what is the element. 12:14.460 --> 12:14.880 Like. 12:14.910 --> 12:17.130 What where is this third element present. 12:17.130 --> 12:20.070 Like in which index this third element is present right. 12:20.100 --> 12:21.540 Or this three is present. 12:21.840 --> 12:23.100 Uh, again let me repeat it. 12:23.100 --> 12:25.350 Um numbers dot index. 12:25.350 --> 12:26.940 Index is a function over here. 12:26.940 --> 12:32.820 And with respect to index what it does is that it returns the first index of the value. 12:32.850 --> 12:33.210 Okay. 12:33.240 --> 12:37.320 Whatever value I'm actually giving you, it is just going to return the index of that value. 12:37.320 --> 12:39.240 So here you can see 012. 12:39.270 --> 12:42.030 So three is basically present in the second index. 12:42.060 --> 12:42.540 Okay. 12:42.540 --> 12:48.060 So I hope you have got this two methods easily and you have understood it. 12:48.090 --> 12:49.920 One is count and one is index. 12:49.920 --> 12:53.880 And these are the two common methods that are specifically used with tuples. 12:53.910 --> 12:54.450 Okay. 12:54.480 --> 12:58.950 Now let me talk about one amazing thing okay. 12:58.980 --> 13:04.200 And that is basically called as packing and unpacking tuple okay. 13:04.230 --> 13:06.930 Packing and unpacking tuple. 13:06.930 --> 13:12.510 Again this will be really handy whenever you are developing projects whenever you are writing code. 13:12.540 --> 13:12.870 Right. 13:12.870 --> 13:17.700 So let me just go ahead and write packed underscore tuple is equal to and I will define the elements 13:17.700 --> 13:19.710 like this one comma. 13:19.710 --> 13:21.390 And let's say this is my string. 13:21.390 --> 13:23.310 So this will be like hello. 13:23.340 --> 13:26.400 Then I have 3.14 okay. 13:26.400 --> 13:31.590 And I will just go ahead and print my packed underscore tuple. 13:31.620 --> 13:34.950 Now once I do this here you'll be able to see that I'm able to get it. 13:34.980 --> 13:39.630 Now whenever I define the numbers in this way like comma separated right. 13:39.660 --> 13:43.740 By default, what it is going to do is that whatever number of elements that I have given, it is going 13:43.740 --> 13:46.000 to pack them in a tuple itself, right? 13:46.000 --> 13:49.990 So that is the reason we say it as we are packing a tuple whenever we give this. 13:50.350 --> 13:53.140 Now how do we unpack a tuple. 13:53.140 --> 13:54.970 So this is with respect to packing. 13:55.030 --> 13:57.010 Okay packing. 13:57.010 --> 13:58.720 But how do we unpack it. 13:58.720 --> 14:02.650 So unpacking a tuple and how do we do it. 14:02.650 --> 14:06.220 So here we know that there are three elements inside this tuple. 14:06.220 --> 14:08.380 Let's say I have four elements of five elements. 14:08.620 --> 14:10.660 Let's say in this case there are three elements. 14:10.660 --> 14:12.700 So I am just going to create three variable. 14:12.700 --> 14:14.740 Let's say ABC is equal to. 14:14.740 --> 14:19.870 And here what I'm actually going to do I'm going to use the same pack tuple okay. 14:19.900 --> 14:24.940 Now what will happen if I go ahead and print a okay. 14:24.970 --> 14:27.400 And let me just go ahead and print B. 14:27.730 --> 14:31.120 And similarly let me just go ahead and print C. 14:31.150 --> 14:33.100 So here you can see one hello. 14:33.100 --> 14:34.900 And 3.14 right. 14:34.900 --> 14:36.400 So you are able to see this. 14:36.400 --> 14:41.110 And this is nothing but it is called as unpacking a tuple right now. 14:41.110 --> 14:46.730 Uh there is also some very important things that you really need to understand. 14:46.760 --> 14:47.300 Okay. 14:47.600 --> 14:51.290 Uh, with respect to unpacking, we can also use star. 14:51.410 --> 14:51.920 Okay. 14:51.950 --> 14:54.920 So let's say unpacking with star. 14:54.950 --> 14:55.160 Okay. 14:55.190 --> 14:59.780 And this is something new that you will be able to see as new new Python version will be coming. 14:59.810 --> 15:01.250 Some of the amazing features. 15:01.250 --> 15:03.470 So let's say I have a numbers. 15:03.590 --> 15:08.180 And inside these numbers I define a tuple 12345 okay. 15:08.210 --> 15:09.560 And six okay. 15:09.650 --> 15:11.750 Now let me do one thing. 15:11.750 --> 15:14.330 I will create one variable like this. 15:14.330 --> 15:15.890 And I'll use star. 15:16.160 --> 15:20.180 Let's say star will be middle and my third variable will be last. 15:20.210 --> 15:20.810 Okay. 15:21.200 --> 15:24.080 Now why I'm creating this you'll be able to understand. 15:24.110 --> 15:25.940 Now see if I go ahead and display the number. 15:25.970 --> 15:28.430 Or I'm just going to assign this particular numbers over here. 15:28.460 --> 15:31.400 Now let me just go ahead and print first. 15:31.760 --> 15:36.110 Then I will go ahead and print middle. 15:36.320 --> 15:36.950 Okay. 15:36.980 --> 15:40.490 Sorry I'll remove the star over here I'll not require star. 15:40.490 --> 15:43.710 And then finally I will print the last element. 15:44.190 --> 15:46.290 Okay, now see what will happen. 15:46.710 --> 15:47.370 Over here. 15:47.370 --> 15:52.290 I know six elements are there, but I'm just using three variables just to unpack. 15:52.290 --> 15:55.800 And I'm unpacking with one star I'm using in the middle variable. 15:55.800 --> 15:56.340 One star. 15:56.370 --> 15:56.550 Okay. 15:56.580 --> 15:58.170 Now see what will be the output. 15:58.200 --> 15:58.650 Okay. 15:58.650 --> 16:00.660 So the first one has given me one. 16:00.660 --> 16:01.440 This is fine. 16:01.470 --> 16:02.610 Now the middle star. 16:02.640 --> 16:03.780 What it has done right. 16:03.780 --> 16:04.800 The star middle. 16:04.800 --> 16:07.860 It has taken all the remaining elements till the last element. 16:07.890 --> 16:09.270 See two, three, four, five. 16:09.270 --> 16:12.090 And the last number is basically giving you the sixth. 16:12.120 --> 16:12.600 Right. 16:12.600 --> 16:19.440 So what the star does is that from wherever you are probably starting right till the last element, 16:19.470 --> 16:22.170 right before that last element, all the elements will be picked up. 16:22.200 --> 16:22.710 Okay. 16:22.740 --> 16:24.750 So this was about unpacking. 16:24.750 --> 16:29.730 Three variants have actually shown you packing unpacking a tuple and unpacking with a star. 16:29.760 --> 16:30.330 Okay. 16:30.660 --> 16:36.750 Uh, let me just go ahead and create more cells so that you'll be able to, uh, will be able to execute 16:36.750 --> 16:37.350 more code. 16:37.380 --> 16:37.890 Okay. 16:37.920 --> 16:43.030 Now let's go ahead and see some example for next tuples. 16:43.060 --> 16:43.600 Okay. 16:44.230 --> 16:47.440 Tuples inside a tuple is basically called as nested tuples. 16:47.440 --> 16:50.290 List inside a list is also called as nested list. 16:50.290 --> 16:56.380 So let's say if I go ahead and write like this, uh, I can go ahead and create any number of list inside 16:56.380 --> 16:57.040 a list. 16:57.070 --> 16:57.640 Okay. 16:57.730 --> 17:00.280 Let's say I have elements like one, two, three, four. 17:00.730 --> 17:04.660 Here I have six comma seven eight, nine. 17:04.660 --> 17:08.890 And let's say I have one comma, one comma. 17:08.920 --> 17:11.140 Hello comma. 17:11.920 --> 17:15.850 Uh, hello comma 3.14 comma. 17:16.390 --> 17:19.360 Uh, see. 17:19.390 --> 17:19.930 Okay. 17:19.960 --> 17:23.020 Now this is what this is list inside a list. 17:23.050 --> 17:23.560 Right. 17:23.560 --> 17:27.790 So here is an example of nested list okay. 17:27.820 --> 17:31.330 Because see I do not take in the previous session of list. 17:31.360 --> 17:34.660 The reason is only that whenever is the right opportunity right. 17:34.660 --> 17:36.310 We should include this topic over there. 17:36.340 --> 17:36.730 Right. 17:36.730 --> 17:40.220 And that is how you will be able to understand all the other topics itself, right? 17:40.220 --> 17:47.090 Because whatever operations we specifically do enlist similarly, only we also do it in tuple also with 17:47.090 --> 17:48.500 respect to accessing the elements. 17:48.500 --> 17:50.900 And the difference is immutability and mutability. 17:50.930 --> 17:54.590 Right now let me just go ahead and write list of zero. 17:55.160 --> 17:58.580 Now list of zero basically means what this is my zeroth index. 17:58.580 --> 17:59.900 This is my first index. 17:59.900 --> 18:01.460 This is my second index okay. 18:01.460 --> 18:06.920 So if I'm writing list of zero you will be able to see that I'm able to get one, two three, four. 18:06.920 --> 18:11.240 But let's say that I want to pick up third element now to pick up third element. 18:11.240 --> 18:13.670 What I really need to do I have to use another index. 18:13.670 --> 18:17.150 And this time this will be nothing but 012. 18:17.180 --> 18:19.550 So this will basically belong to my second index. 18:19.580 --> 18:19.790 Right. 18:19.820 --> 18:23.210 So here you can probably see that I'm able to get the third element right. 18:23.210 --> 18:26.360 So this is some common example right. 18:26.360 --> 18:32.270 Let's say I want to also use slicing operation I want to get the elements between one till four okay. 18:32.300 --> 18:38.460 So I can also go ahead and write like this zero colon sorry zero colon three Okay. 18:38.490 --> 18:39.480 If I go ahead and write it. 18:39.480 --> 18:41.070 So see I'm able to get one, two, three. 18:41.070 --> 18:45.150 So slicing operation can also be applied in nested list okay. 18:45.180 --> 18:47.100 List within a list okay. 18:47.460 --> 18:49.860 Now and it is not like only you need to have a list. 18:49.890 --> 18:51.300 You can also have tuples. 18:51.300 --> 18:52.950 You can also have multiple things right. 18:52.950 --> 18:57.270 So let's say I am going to probably go ahead and define this as tuple okay. 18:57.750 --> 18:59.280 Tuple okay. 18:59.490 --> 19:06.060 Or let me just show you in another example so that this code remains and I'll paste it over here okay. 19:06.090 --> 19:07.530 And let me do one thing. 19:07.980 --> 19:09.750 And here you have this. 19:10.380 --> 19:12.300 And here you have this okay. 19:12.330 --> 19:18.480 Now if I'm executing this let's say I want to probably get from my second index 012 okay. 19:18.510 --> 19:19.320 Second index. 19:19.320 --> 19:22.020 And let's say I want all the elements between zero to third index. 19:22.020 --> 19:24.930 So here I'll be able to get one hello world and 3.14. 19:24.930 --> 19:27.420 So inside a list also you can have tuples okay. 19:27.450 --> 19:29.670 It is up to you however you want to create. 19:29.670 --> 19:34.080 But whenever we talk about nested tuples let me just give you one basic example. 19:34.080 --> 19:34.560 Here. 19:34.560 --> 19:36.810 We are just going to create tuples inside a tuple. 19:36.810 --> 19:37.960 So I have 123. 19:37.990 --> 19:39.700 A b c true false okay. 19:39.730 --> 19:41.620 So these are my tuples over here. 19:41.650 --> 19:44.470 Now we will try to access the elements. 19:45.310 --> 19:47.590 Access the elements. 19:48.370 --> 19:53.530 Access the elements inside a tuple okay. 19:53.560 --> 19:56.140 Now let me just go ahead and write print. 19:57.160 --> 20:00.490 Nested underscore tuple of zero. 20:00.520 --> 20:02.560 So if I go ahead and execute it I'm able to get. 20:02.590 --> 20:03.760 123 okay. 20:03.790 --> 20:07.030 If I want to just pick up C let's let's consider that I want to just go. 20:07.060 --> 20:07.870 Ahead and pick up C. 20:07.900 --> 20:08.920 Then how do I write. 20:08.950 --> 20:13.120 I will go ahead and write print nested underscore. 20:13.150 --> 20:14.020 Tuple. 20:14.800 --> 20:19.060 And here I'm going to specifically write a zeroth first index. 20:19.090 --> 20:19.330 Right. 20:19.360 --> 20:20.050 First index will. 20:20.080 --> 20:21.970 Basically give me all the elements over here. 20:21.970 --> 20:23.920 And this will be my second index right. 20:23.950 --> 20:27.880 So here if I go ahead and execute it I'm able to get C right. 20:28.240 --> 20:31.030 I can also iterate through this nested. 20:31.060 --> 20:32.980 Tuples right by using a for loop. 20:32.980 --> 20:40.280 So iterating Iterating over nested tuples. 20:40.310 --> 20:40.940 Okay. 20:41.120 --> 20:49.250 And here you'll be able to see for sub underscore tuple in nested underscore tuple. 20:49.280 --> 20:50.030 Okay. 20:50.060 --> 20:52.100 I'll first of all go to the nested tuple. 20:52.100 --> 20:57.620 And then I will take the item item in the sub tuple. 20:58.070 --> 21:00.080 And let me just go ahead and print it. 21:00.110 --> 21:01.760 Let's print the item one by one. 21:01.790 --> 21:02.330 Right. 21:02.360 --> 21:03.740 So print item. 21:03.740 --> 21:08.270 And here I'm just going to write end is equal to with a blank statement. 21:08.270 --> 21:14.780 So that whenever it is printing it should print um along with this blank a new line also. 21:14.810 --> 21:19.070 Now if I go ahead and execute see first tuple is basically getting printed one, two, three a, b, 21:19.070 --> 21:20.480 c and then true and false. 21:20.480 --> 21:22.340 So that is what I have right. 21:22.370 --> 21:28.610 So this was example with respect to uh tuples we have seen different different operations. 21:28.610 --> 21:30.770 We have seen about packing unpacking. 21:31.010 --> 21:32.690 Uh we have seen the inbuilt methods. 21:32.690 --> 21:35.160 We have seen why do we get an error? 21:35.190 --> 21:36.000 What is immutable? 21:36.030 --> 21:37.020 Immutability. 21:37.320 --> 21:41.970 Everything we have actually seen, and we have also seen some of the examples with respect to our list. 21:42.000 --> 21:42.600 Right. 21:42.630 --> 21:45.660 But overall if you probably see right. 21:45.690 --> 21:48.990 Tuples are a kind of data structure. 21:48.990 --> 21:55.020 Again it will be specifically used when you do some kind of data analysis and all or some or the other 21:55.020 --> 21:55.230 way. 21:55.230 --> 21:59.700 Whenever you are writing the code and all, you will be using this tuple extensively. 21:59.730 --> 22:01.080 Now let me do one thing. 22:01.080 --> 22:06.630 Let me go ahead and finally write the conclusion so that you have this conclusion in mind where all 22:06.630 --> 22:12.480 tuples are tuples are versatile and very useful in various in many real world scenarios where an immutable 22:12.480 --> 22:14.250 and ordered collection of items is required. 22:14.280 --> 22:19.080 They are commonly used in data structure, function, arguments, and return values as dictionary keys. 22:19.080 --> 22:23.670 Understanding how to leverage tuples effectively can improve the efficiency and readability of your 22:23.670 --> 22:24.240 Python code. 22:24.630 --> 22:26.580 So I hope you like this particular video. 22:26.610 --> 22:28.050 This was it for my side. 22:28.050 --> 22:31.710 I will see you all in the next video, where we will be learning about the next data structure that 22:31.710 --> 22:32.940 is called as sets. 22:33.030 --> 22:33.660 Thank you. 22:33.690 --> 22:34.140 Take care. 22:34.140 --> 22:34.530 Bye bye.