WEBVTT 00:00.170 --> 00:01.040 Hello guys. 00:01.040 --> 00:04.160 So we are going to continue the discussion with respect to Python. 00:04.160 --> 00:08.510 And in this video we are going to discuss about a new data structure which is called as sets. 00:08.540 --> 00:11.450 Now what are first of all, we will see the definition of sets. 00:11.450 --> 00:13.970 And we will see a lot of example along with methods. 00:13.970 --> 00:16.280 And what is the importance of sets altogether. 00:16.340 --> 00:22.100 But one of the most common data structures we specifically use sets after probably a list and dictionaries 00:22.100 --> 00:22.880 and tuples. 00:22.880 --> 00:23.330 Right. 00:23.330 --> 00:25.910 So that is the reason why I am covering this data structure. 00:25.910 --> 00:28.100 So we'll be seeing a lot of examples in short. 00:28.310 --> 00:30.800 So first of all let's go ahead with the definition. 00:30.800 --> 00:35.780 So here you can actually see sets are built in data types in Python used to store collection of unique 00:35.780 --> 00:36.380 items. 00:36.380 --> 00:42.230 They are unordered meaning that the elements do not follow a specific order and they do not allow duplicate 00:42.230 --> 00:42.560 elements. 00:42.560 --> 00:44.510 So they are some of the very important points. 00:44.510 --> 00:49.850 So please make sure that before you start any of the lesson, see the definition sets are useful for 00:49.850 --> 00:50.720 membership test. 00:50.750 --> 00:52.250 Eliminating duplicate entries. 00:52.250 --> 00:57.020 Performing mathematical set operations like union, intersection differences and semantic differences. 00:57.050 --> 01:01.500 Now all these things, what we have actually learned, we'll see with the help of practical example. 01:01.530 --> 01:04.740 So first of all, I'll go ahead and make a lot of cells over here. 01:04.770 --> 01:05.010 Okay. 01:05.040 --> 01:06.180 So let's start. 01:06.180 --> 01:10.740 So first of all, uh, the first thing that we are going to discuss is how to create a set. 01:10.770 --> 01:11.310 Okay. 01:11.430 --> 01:18.000 And creating a set is specifically using curly braces like how we actually did in the dictionary. 01:18.000 --> 01:23.040 But only one difference that is present between sets and dictionary is that in dictionary we usually 01:23.040 --> 01:24.060 give key value pairs. 01:24.090 --> 01:24.450 Right. 01:24.450 --> 01:28.470 So let's say if I am going to define my underscore set over here okay. 01:28.470 --> 01:30.660 So I will just go ahead and use curly braces. 01:30.660 --> 01:33.420 And I'll just go ahead and write 12345 elements okay. 01:33.420 --> 01:42.660 And if I go ahead and print my set over here and also see the type of print type of my set, then here 01:42.660 --> 01:48.150 you will be able to see that, hey, I am able to get it over here, something like this. 01:48.180 --> 01:48.510 See. 01:48.510 --> 01:51.150 So all the elements is basically getting displayed. 01:51.150 --> 01:54.270 And over here you can actually see that it is a class set. 01:54.300 --> 01:54.810 Okay. 01:54.840 --> 01:58.080 Now if I also want to go ahead and create my empty set. 01:58.080 --> 02:01.420 So here I can go ahead and write my empty underscore set. 02:01.450 --> 02:02.200 Okay. 02:02.740 --> 02:04.360 I can directly use the class. 02:04.390 --> 02:04.750 Okay. 02:04.780 --> 02:05.710 Something like this. 02:05.710 --> 02:11.020 So if I go ahead and create like this, then I'm going to get my empty set itself right. 02:11.020 --> 02:12.850 So I'll just go ahead and print it. 02:12.850 --> 02:15.850 So here you can see the type is nothing but it is a class set. 02:15.850 --> 02:20.770 But since I have not put up any elements so over here you'll be able to see that it will be a empty 02:20.800 --> 02:21.220 set. 02:21.250 --> 02:24.130 Now along with this, what I will do, I will just go ahead and copy this. 02:24.130 --> 02:27.460 And let's say that inside this set I can give tuples, I can give list. 02:27.460 --> 02:33.220 And also if I go ahead and give 123456I will probably execute this also. 02:33.400 --> 02:33.820 Okay. 02:33.850 --> 02:37.930 So let's go ahead and print this right now over here okay. 02:37.960 --> 02:39.280 And let's see the sets. 02:39.310 --> 02:39.730 Right. 02:39.730 --> 02:43.990 So this is one of the most uh uh way like easy way. 02:44.020 --> 02:47.800 Probably take a list or a tuple and just type cast with the help of set class. 02:47.830 --> 02:48.070 Right. 02:48.070 --> 02:50.710 And here you'll be able to see that I will be able to get the set. 02:50.740 --> 02:53.410 Now, one of the functionality that I have actually told you over here. 02:53.440 --> 02:53.920 Right. 02:54.130 --> 03:00.100 Uh, Python sets are nothing, but it is built in data type used to store collection of unique items. 03:00.100 --> 03:02.470 Okay, so what does this basically mean? 03:02.500 --> 03:05.680 So if I go ahead and copy this and execute it. 03:05.680 --> 03:11.560 So let's say this is my set itself I will not say my empty set because now we have elements okay. 03:11.560 --> 03:13.870 And here also I will just go ahead and remove this. 03:14.260 --> 03:16.360 So let's say that this is my set right. 03:16.390 --> 03:19.240 Now let me just go ahead and write some duplicate elements. 03:19.270 --> 03:23.530 Let's say over here I'll go ahead and write six comma five comma 456. 03:23.530 --> 03:23.860 Right. 03:23.890 --> 03:28.300 Now even though I have duplicate elements, what it is going to do is that it is just going to ignore 03:28.330 --> 03:30.880 the duplicate elements and take only one element of the similar type. 03:30.910 --> 03:31.270 Right. 03:31.300 --> 03:33.670 So here you can say six and five are duplicate elements. 03:33.670 --> 03:36.700 So what it will do it will just display one time five and six. 03:36.700 --> 03:40.750 So if I go ahead and execute it here you can see that I'm getting 123456. 03:40.780 --> 03:41.170 Right. 03:41.200 --> 03:46.960 And as said over here you can see they are unordered meaning that the elements do not follow a specific 03:46.960 --> 03:49.810 order and they do not allow duplicate elements. 03:49.840 --> 03:50.200 Okay. 03:50.230 --> 03:52.210 Sets are useful for membership test and all. 03:52.210 --> 03:53.530 We will have a look onto that. 03:53.560 --> 03:53.950 Okay. 03:53.950 --> 03:59.530 So uh, now let's go ahead with some of the basic set operations okay. 03:59.560 --> 04:02.170 Basic set Operations. 04:02.200 --> 04:02.680 Okay. 04:02.710 --> 04:07.630 Now, with respect to basic set operation, the first thing that I am going to show you is adding and 04:07.720 --> 04:09.700 removing elements. 04:09.730 --> 04:10.240 Okay. 04:10.300 --> 04:13.690 Adding and removing elements. 04:13.720 --> 04:19.150 Now in order to add and remove the elements, I can probably let's say this is my underscore set over 04:19.150 --> 04:19.510 here. 04:19.540 --> 04:21.550 Let's say I want to add more elements over here. 04:21.580 --> 04:21.850 Right. 04:21.850 --> 04:23.290 And then I will try to print it. 04:23.320 --> 04:26.740 So for that what I have to do is that go ahead and use my add method. 04:26.740 --> 04:31.240 And let's say here I want to add a specific, uh, you know, element over here. 04:31.240 --> 04:31.840 Let's say seven. 04:31.840 --> 04:32.950 I want to go ahead and add it. 04:32.950 --> 04:37.300 And I will just go ahead and print my underscore set okay. 04:37.330 --> 04:41.110 So if I go ahead and execute it here you'll be able to see 123456 okay. 04:41.140 --> 04:46.240 Similarly if I go ahead and add the same element okay then you know what it will happen. 04:46.840 --> 04:52.570 Then it is just going to ignore the repeated elements, because I have already, uh, added that in 04:52.570 --> 04:52.930 the set. 04:52.960 --> 04:57.310 So here also you'll be able to see that I'm going to get 123456 okay. 04:57.340 --> 04:59.170 Now coming to the removing the elements. 04:59.170 --> 05:02.000 So in order to remove the elements from a set. 05:02.300 --> 05:02.810 Okay. 05:03.140 --> 05:04.670 From a set. 05:04.700 --> 05:09.680 So what I'm actually going to do I'll just go ahead and write my underscore set dot remove. 05:09.710 --> 05:10.190 Okay. 05:10.400 --> 05:12.620 My underscore set dot remove. 05:12.620 --> 05:15.920 And here I'm going to specifically use one element let's say three. 05:15.920 --> 05:20.300 And I'll just go ahead and print my underscore set. 05:20.420 --> 05:24.470 And now here you can see that the third element is already not present. 05:24.500 --> 05:25.010 Okay. 05:25.400 --> 05:32.000 Uh let's say uh uh, what happens if I try to remove an element which is not present at all? 05:32.030 --> 05:37.490 Okay, so for that, uh, let's say I'll go ahead and write my underscore set dot remove. 05:37.670 --> 05:38.270 Okay. 05:38.300 --> 05:40.880 Remove of element ten. 05:40.910 --> 05:41.360 Okay. 05:41.390 --> 05:46.160 So if I go ahead and execute it, it shows that hey there is a key error because I don't have that specific 05:46.160 --> 05:46.460 element. 05:46.490 --> 05:47.000 Okay. 05:47.360 --> 05:53.750 Uh, now there may be scenario that I need to have a scenario that if an element is not present in the 05:53.750 --> 05:55.310 set, it should not give us an error. 05:55.340 --> 05:55.670 Okay. 05:55.700 --> 05:56.720 It should just continue. 05:56.720 --> 05:57.890 If there is an element it should remove. 05:57.920 --> 05:59.330 Otherwise it should not give us an error. 05:59.330 --> 06:03.190 So for that what I will do I will just go ahead and run my underscore set dot discard. 06:03.190 --> 06:07.870 And let's say inside this I'm going to remove an element called as 10 or 11 whatever. 06:07.900 --> 06:12.010 If I go ahead and execute it here, you'll be able to see that I'm not getting any error right. 06:12.010 --> 06:13.720 Even though I go ahead and print it. 06:13.750 --> 06:14.050 Right. 06:14.080 --> 06:16.780 So print my underscore set over here. 06:16.780 --> 06:18.760 And here you can see 1234567. 06:18.760 --> 06:23.680 So that basically means if I'm using this discard method right it will just go ahead and see remove 06:23.680 --> 06:25.390 an element from a set if it is a member. 06:25.420 --> 06:25.690 Right. 06:25.720 --> 06:28.270 If that particular element is there it will it will remove. 06:28.300 --> 06:31.210 Otherwise it will just make sure that it will not give us an error. 06:31.240 --> 06:31.750 Okay. 06:32.050 --> 06:36.010 Now removing a random element right using pop. 06:36.010 --> 06:38.380 So here we also have something called as pop method. 06:38.380 --> 06:41.110 Let's see what is exactly this pop method right. 06:41.110 --> 06:44.020 So for pop method I will just go ahead and write. 06:44.020 --> 06:47.170 This is my removed element okay. 06:47.200 --> 06:52.660 And then I will just go ahead and write my underscore set dot remove. 06:52.690 --> 06:58.150 Oh sorry dot pop my underscore set dot pop okay. 06:58.180 --> 07:02.910 And what I'm actually going to do I'm just go ahead and display my print removed element. 07:02.940 --> 07:07.140 First of all, print remove element. 07:07.140 --> 07:10.620 And then I'm also going to print my my underscore set. 07:10.980 --> 07:11.520 Okay. 07:11.580 --> 07:15.090 So here if I probably go ahead and display it right. 07:15.090 --> 07:19.980 So over here you can see with respect to set it is just like first in first out right. 07:19.980 --> 07:24.660 So whatever element is first uh inserted that element only will get removed. 07:24.660 --> 07:27.900 So that is the reason why I'm getting is something like 24567. 07:27.930 --> 07:28.350 Okay. 07:28.380 --> 07:34.170 So, uh, here you can see that whenever I have an element, I should be able to remove it just by using 07:34.170 --> 07:34.440 pop. 07:34.440 --> 07:36.540 And I will also be able to get the element itself. 07:36.570 --> 07:37.080 Okay. 07:37.140 --> 07:43.560 And finally, if you really want to clear all the elements, okay, all the elements, you can just 07:43.560 --> 07:47.220 go ahead and write my underscore set dot clear perfect. 07:47.220 --> 07:51.360 And here you can go ahead and just print the set okay. 07:51.360 --> 07:54.960 So this will basically be my print my underscore set. 07:54.990 --> 07:55.650 Perfect. 07:55.650 --> 08:02.370 So if you see this and if I execute it here you can see that I'm actually getting a empty set altogether. 08:02.400 --> 08:04.950 Okay, now let's go ahead and see some more examples. 08:04.980 --> 08:08.520 So first of all I'm going to show you set membership test. 08:09.150 --> 08:09.480 Okay. 08:09.510 --> 08:10.830 Membership. 08:11.580 --> 08:14.310 Membership test. 08:14.340 --> 08:14.850 Okay. 08:14.880 --> 08:20.070 Now with respect to membership test, it's just like whether an element is present in the test or not, 08:20.100 --> 08:23.130 whether an element is a member of a set or not. 08:23.130 --> 08:24.540 That is what we will basically check. 08:24.540 --> 08:28.320 So I'm going to write for my underscore set is nothing but 12345. 08:28.320 --> 08:32.190 And here I will just go ahead and write print let's say. 08:32.580 --> 08:34.500 And here we'll use an in operation. 08:34.530 --> 08:34.740 Right. 08:34.770 --> 08:40.500 Let's say I'll take an element three in R three in my underscore set right. 08:40.530 --> 08:46.440 So here if I go ahead and print it or if I go ahead and print ten in my underscore set. 08:46.470 --> 08:46.920 Right. 08:46.920 --> 08:50.520 So if the element is basically present in set it is just going to give us true. 08:50.550 --> 08:51.930 Otherwise it is going to give us false. 08:51.930 --> 08:52.770 So that is the reason here. 08:52.770 --> 08:58.380 You can see when I'm checking whether ten is present in my set or not, I'm actually getting false. 08:58.380 --> 09:00.600 But when I'm checking three is in my set or not. 09:00.600 --> 09:02.190 So here I'm actually getting true. 09:02.210 --> 09:02.570 right? 09:02.600 --> 09:07.220 So that is the reason is just checking whether this particular element belongs to that particular member 09:07.250 --> 09:07.700 or not. 09:07.730 --> 09:11.000 Now let's go ahead and see some more mathematical operation. 09:11.030 --> 09:14.210 Mathematical operations. 09:14.240 --> 09:14.600 Okay. 09:14.630 --> 09:17.780 Now in this particular case, let's say I go ahead and create my set one. 09:17.810 --> 09:20.120 Let's say it will be one, two, three, four, four. 09:20.150 --> 09:21.710 Okay I'll have four elements. 09:21.740 --> 09:21.950 Okay. 09:21.950 --> 09:26.990 Just to give you an idea over here and or let me just go ahead and write something like this. 09:27.050 --> 09:28.550 Four comma five comma six. 09:28.550 --> 09:31.070 Let me just add more element and this will be a set two. 09:31.100 --> 09:31.520 Okay. 09:31.550 --> 09:38.600 Now inside this set two let me just go ahead and write uh from four let's say four comma 56789. 09:38.630 --> 09:38.960 Okay. 09:38.990 --> 09:41.540 So these are my uh, basically all the elements. 09:41.540 --> 09:44.930 So first operation that we are basically going to discuss is nothing but union. 09:44.930 --> 09:48.410 Union basically means when I have two sets I'll just combine all the elements. 09:48.440 --> 09:48.740 Right. 09:48.770 --> 09:51.470 So in order to get the entire union set. 09:51.470 --> 09:57.740 So here in set also you will be able to see that I will be having lot of inbuilt methods. 09:57.770 --> 09:57.980 Okay. 09:58.010 --> 10:00.380 So there is something like difference difference update. 10:00.530 --> 10:02.240 Um and uh is lower. 10:02.270 --> 10:03.440 Is this this is there. 10:03.440 --> 10:04.820 And let's say symmetric difference. 10:04.850 --> 10:05.900 Is there symmetric difference. 10:05.900 --> 10:06.290 Update. 10:06.290 --> 10:07.280 Is there, union is there. 10:07.280 --> 10:07.850 So I'm just going. 10:07.880 --> 10:10.520 To write say uh set one dot union. 10:10.520 --> 10:14.060 And here I'm going to specifically use set two right. 10:14.090 --> 10:20.420 Now if I go ahead and print my union underscore set you will be able to see that I will be. 10:20.450 --> 10:22.130 Able to get the output. 10:22.130 --> 10:24.800 So I'm getting an error because of uh syntax. 10:24.800 --> 10:26.990 So here you can see all the elements has been combined. 10:26.990 --> 10:29.390 Union basically means you're combining everything okay. 10:29.420 --> 10:31.700 So 123456789 okay. 10:31.730 --> 10:35.540 So this is one of the operation most common operation that we do in sets. 10:35.540 --> 10:38.960 The next operation that we are basically going to do is something called as intersection. 10:38.990 --> 10:40.940 Now intersection is nothing. 10:40.940 --> 10:46.070 But it will basically give us a common set of common elements from both the sets. 10:46.100 --> 10:46.400 Right. 10:46.400 --> 10:49.160 So here I'm going to probably create the intersection underscore set. 10:49.190 --> 10:50.690 Let's say I'll just go ahead and write. 10:50.930 --> 10:57.200 Uh so here you can see set one dot intersection of whatever. 10:57.230 --> 10:58.100 Why will not be there. 10:58.100 --> 11:01.700 Here I will just go ahead and write set two okay. 11:02.090 --> 11:03.530 Set two. 11:03.560 --> 11:04.160 Okay. 11:06.410 --> 11:06.650 Okay. 11:06.680 --> 11:07.310 Set two. 11:07.340 --> 11:07.670 Okay. 11:07.700 --> 11:10.970 Now, if I go ahead and print my intersection set. 11:11.090 --> 11:14.780 So here let's go ahead and see this intersection set. 11:14.810 --> 11:16.910 Here you'll be able to see only the common elements. 11:16.910 --> 11:17.660 It will be able to give. 11:17.690 --> 11:20.720 So 456 are common available in both the sets. 11:20.720 --> 11:23.690 So that is the reason it is basically getting displayed. 11:23.900 --> 11:25.910 Uh let's see one more operation. 11:25.910 --> 11:27.530 I don't know whether it is present or not. 11:27.530 --> 11:29.120 It is called as union okay. 11:29.150 --> 11:30.620 So only union is present over there. 11:30.620 --> 11:31.340 No worries. 11:31.550 --> 11:33.740 Okay, let's do one more thing. 11:34.610 --> 11:37.730 Let me just go ahead and write something like this. 11:37.880 --> 11:39.770 Or set one okay. 11:39.800 --> 11:41.630 Set one dot. 11:41.930 --> 11:45.470 Uh intersection update okay. 11:45.500 --> 11:47.030 So we will try to see this okay. 11:47.060 --> 11:50.210 What is this function called as intersection update okay. 11:50.240 --> 11:53.120 And here I'm basically going to give set two okay. 11:53.720 --> 11:57.830 Uh so here the kind of operations that we are actually doing. 11:57.830 --> 12:01.490 And if I go ahead and print my set one okay. 12:01.520 --> 12:03.470 If I'm going ahead and printing my set. 12:03.500 --> 12:04.670 One, please focus on this. 12:04.700 --> 12:06.410 Okay, let's see this. 12:06.440 --> 12:07.730 What will be the third print? 12:07.760 --> 12:08.000 Right. 12:08.030 --> 12:08.450 First print. 12:08.480 --> 12:09.530 You know it will be the union. 12:09.560 --> 12:11.420 Second print will be the intersection. 12:11.420 --> 12:16.010 And third print whenever we use intersection underscore update offset two. 12:16.040 --> 12:18.680 Now if I just go ahead and print it here, you will be able to see. 12:18.710 --> 12:22.040 Now when we did this intersection underscore update. 12:22.040 --> 12:24.200 So whatever are the common elements from set one. 12:24.200 --> 12:25.700 And set two that we got it. 12:25.700 --> 12:28.820 And that all elements got updated in set one. 12:28.820 --> 12:31.760 That is most important that you really need to understand over here. 12:31.760 --> 12:37.280 Intersection underscore update basically means whatever operation specifically intersection we are doing 12:37.280 --> 12:41.600 over here, it will just find out the common elements and it will update in the set one. 12:41.600 --> 12:46.790 So that is the reason I'm actually able to get 456 when I'm printing set one okay. 12:46.820 --> 12:49.460 So please make sure that you keep this in mind. 12:49.460 --> 12:54.620 And whenever we do intersection or difference there will also be a difference underscore update intersection 12:54.650 --> 12:55.910 underscore update altogether. 12:55.940 --> 12:56.330 Right. 12:56.330 --> 13:00.110 So this is what I have actually showed you one example okay. 13:00.140 --> 13:05.180 So please make sure that any operation underscore and update basically means will perform that operation 13:05.210 --> 13:07.610 and will update in one of the set itself. 13:07.640 --> 13:08.000 Right. 13:08.000 --> 13:11.330 So I will go ahead and create my another set one and set two. 13:11.360 --> 13:14.180 Now this time let me go ahead and create difference right. 13:14.210 --> 13:15.020 Difference operation. 13:15.020 --> 13:15.770 Let's discuss. 13:15.770 --> 13:23.330 So if I go ahead and write set one dot difference of again I don't know why this is giving us x and 13:23.330 --> 13:23.750 y. 13:23.780 --> 13:25.670 I think by default it is taking us. 13:25.670 --> 13:28.970 And then we go ahead and write set one dot difference of set two. 13:29.390 --> 13:34.820 Now if I go ahead and print it print the element of this. 13:35.990 --> 13:36.410 Okay. 13:36.410 --> 13:40.100 So here you'll be able to see set one minus difference of set two. 13:40.130 --> 13:42.380 Set one dot difference of set two. 13:42.410 --> 13:47.510 That basically means from set one we will remove the common elements that are present in set two. 13:47.540 --> 13:49.910 So here you can see 456 has been removed. 13:49.910 --> 13:53.180 And here I am actually able to get the output as 123. 13:53.210 --> 13:53.660 Okay. 13:53.690 --> 13:54.950 There is also one method. 13:54.950 --> 13:58.880 As I said difference underscore update difference underscore update basically means it will perform 13:58.880 --> 14:01.550 that operation difference and it will update in the set one. 14:01.550 --> 14:03.050 So in set one I will be able to see. 14:03.070 --> 14:07.090 Right now it is, uh, if I probably see right now it is set. 14:07.120 --> 14:10.150 One is nothing, but it is having all these elements one, two, three, four, five, six. 14:10.150 --> 14:13.210 But when I do difference underscore update, there is a method over here. 14:13.240 --> 14:19.000 It is going to make sure that it updates this difference operation whatever output is coming in. 14:19.000 --> 14:19.900 Set one okay. 14:19.930 --> 14:21.550 This is the basic difference. 14:21.790 --> 14:27.970 Um now let's do one more thing and again see if I want to remove all the common elements from set two. 14:28.000 --> 14:29.800 I can also go ahead and write something like this. 14:29.800 --> 14:32.020 Set two dot difference. 14:32.380 --> 14:37.150 Uh set two dot difference over here and here I will just go ahead and write my set one. 14:37.150 --> 14:43.330 So whatever is my element that is available in whatever is my unique elements or remaining elements 14:43.330 --> 14:48.310 in set two and set one elements has been removed because four, five, six is the common element over 14:48.310 --> 14:48.700 here. 14:48.730 --> 14:48.970 Right? 14:48.970 --> 14:51.160 And that is the reason I'm actually getting it over here. 14:51.340 --> 14:51.850 Right. 14:51.850 --> 14:58.120 So, uh, I hope you are able to understand till here and all uh, uh, one more operation that we are 14:58.120 --> 15:01.780 going to discuss is nothing but symmetric difference. 15:01.780 --> 15:02.200 Okay. 15:02.200 --> 15:05.710 And let's see whether you will be able to understand what exactly this is. 15:05.710 --> 15:12.040 So if I go ahead and write set one dot symmetric difference okay of set two okay. 15:12.040 --> 15:12.730 Let's see. 15:13.540 --> 15:18.430 Now if I go ahead and execute it here I am able to get 123789. 15:18.430 --> 15:23.170 That basically means both the both the unique elements from both the sets are combined. 15:23.200 --> 15:24.880 Common elements are just removed. 15:24.910 --> 15:25.420 Okay. 15:25.480 --> 15:29.050 So these were some of the mathematical operations that we probably perform. 15:29.080 --> 15:29.920 Again I will repeat it. 15:29.920 --> 15:34.270 Symmetrical difference is nothing but from set one and set two which are the common elements only that 15:34.270 --> 15:38.140 will be removed and remaining all the unique elements from both the set will be combined. 15:38.170 --> 15:42.820 Okay, so that basically the intersection elements is just removed over there. 15:42.850 --> 15:43.090 Okay. 15:43.120 --> 15:45.550 So that is what symmetric difference basically means. 15:45.550 --> 15:47.380 And you can also do the vice versa. 15:47.410 --> 15:50.230 Set two dot symmetric underscore difference of set one. 15:50.230 --> 15:53.380 You'll be able to get the same answer okay. 15:53.410 --> 15:54.640 Now let's do one thing. 15:54.670 --> 16:00.580 Let me make go ahead and make some more cell okay I'll go ahead and make some more cell. 16:00.580 --> 16:04.770 And let's discuss about some of the sets methods. 16:04.800 --> 16:05.340 Okay. 16:05.700 --> 16:07.020 Again important one. 16:07.020 --> 16:09.300 You may be using some or the other thing over here. 16:09.330 --> 16:09.840 Right. 16:09.840 --> 16:13.560 So first of all I will just go ahead and create my set one. 16:13.860 --> 16:16.170 And let's say I'm going to write 123 okay. 16:16.200 --> 16:21.240 Three elements are there in set two I'm just going to write three comma four comma five. 16:21.270 --> 16:26.820 Right now first of all we will go ahead and see what is subset okay. 16:26.850 --> 16:27.750 Is subset. 16:27.780 --> 16:34.560 Now with respect to its subset I will just go ahead and print set one dot is subset okay. 16:34.590 --> 16:39.690 Set one dot is subset of set two okay. 16:39.780 --> 16:45.000 Now once I do this you will be able to see we are just checking whether set one is a subset of set two 16:45.000 --> 16:49.140 or not is subset basically means all the elements that is present in set one. 16:49.140 --> 16:50.790 Is it also available in set two? 16:50.820 --> 16:53.490 Is this the parent uh, parent? 16:53.550 --> 16:58.770 I can I can just say is it the parent uh, set which has the all the elements of set one. 16:58.770 --> 17:00.870 So right now here you can see that I do not have it. 17:00.870 --> 17:01.230 Right. 17:01.230 --> 17:02.850 Because set one is not available. 17:02.850 --> 17:05.380 One of the element is also not available is set to right. 17:05.410 --> 17:08.320 So if I just go ahead and execute it here you can see it is false. 17:08.350 --> 17:08.860 Okay. 17:09.160 --> 17:14.080 Uh, the next one is just to check whether set one is the superset of set two okay. 17:14.110 --> 17:23.680 So if I go ahead and write set one is is superset is superset of set two. 17:26.350 --> 17:28.540 Is set a superset of set two. 17:28.570 --> 17:30.100 I'll just go ahead and print it. 17:30.100 --> 17:33.970 And here you will be able to see that I will be able to get the answer. 17:33.970 --> 17:35.740 So here right now it is false. 17:35.770 --> 17:41.620 Again set one is not a superset of set uh set two it checks if set one is a superset. 17:41.650 --> 17:44.980 Superset basically whether it has all the elements of set two or not okay. 17:45.010 --> 17:49.900 So this is also false because it does not let's say if I go ahead and write like this 345. 17:49.930 --> 17:55.060 Now if I execute it here you can see set one is not subset of set two because here there are more elements. 17:55.060 --> 17:57.220 But if I go ahead and write set one is superset of set two. 17:57.220 --> 17:59.320 Because this 345 is also available over here. 17:59.350 --> 18:00.610 You can actually see. 18:00.640 --> 18:01.000 Right. 18:01.030 --> 18:04.330 If I just remove five also, then also you'll be able to see both are false, right? 18:04.360 --> 18:06.940 It should at least have all the elements from either one of the set. 18:06.970 --> 18:13.030 Okay, so this is what is an example with respect to some of the methods that we use is set. 18:13.060 --> 18:14.320 It is superset. 18:14.320 --> 18:18.340 And again guys there are a lot of methods that are available in sets which you should definitely keep 18:18.340 --> 18:19.870 on practicing and keep on seeing. 18:19.900 --> 18:20.380 Okay. 18:20.470 --> 18:24.310 Now uh, let's let's do one kind of task. 18:24.340 --> 18:24.580 Okay. 18:24.610 --> 18:27.580 So here, uh, let's say I have some numbers. 18:27.610 --> 18:27.970 Okay. 18:28.000 --> 18:29.650 I or I have a list. 18:29.830 --> 18:30.190 Okay. 18:30.220 --> 18:30.850 List. 18:30.850 --> 18:33.430 And with respect to this list, I will just go ahead and run. 18:33.430 --> 18:34.480 One, two, two. 18:34.630 --> 18:38.170 Um, let's say three four comma four comma five. 18:38.200 --> 18:38.410 Okay. 18:38.440 --> 18:39.370 So these are my elements. 18:39.400 --> 18:39.910 Okay. 18:39.910 --> 18:45.460 Now if I just want to quickly remove the duplicates from this list okay. 18:45.490 --> 18:49.180 From this list what I can do, I just have to convert this into a set. 18:49.180 --> 18:54.370 So if I go ahead and write set of list here, you'll be able to see hey, I am going to get all my unique 18:54.370 --> 18:55.570 elements 1234, five. 18:55.600 --> 18:55.870 Right. 18:55.870 --> 18:57.070 So simple it is. 18:57.100 --> 19:01.720 If question is basically asked whether you really need to find out a list of elements, you can basically 19:01.720 --> 19:02.560 do that okay. 19:02.680 --> 19:06.720 Now, Now let's do one practical example here. 19:06.840 --> 19:15.450 What I'm actually going to do is that I'll just go ahead and write counting unique words in text. 19:16.230 --> 19:18.810 Let's say if I have a sentence text. 19:21.870 --> 19:28.770 In this tutorial we are discussing about sets. 19:28.800 --> 19:29.370 Okay. 19:29.850 --> 19:30.780 So here it is. 19:30.780 --> 19:35.190 So I will just go ahead and uh, I need to basically count unique words in text. 19:35.220 --> 19:36.990 How many unique words are basically there. 19:36.990 --> 19:39.750 And then we can basically do that very much simple. 19:39.750 --> 19:43.140 So here first of all what I will do I will just go ahead and create a variable words. 19:43.140 --> 19:46.500 I will take this text and I will do the entire split okay. 19:46.530 --> 19:49.440 I will get all the elements over here with respect to the split. 19:49.440 --> 19:58.320 And then you will be able to see convert list of words to set okay. 19:59.460 --> 20:04.400 To get unique words Okay. 20:04.670 --> 20:07.130 Unique underscore words. 20:08.990 --> 20:09.350 Okay. 20:09.380 --> 20:10.400 Unique underscore words. 20:10.400 --> 20:11.030 How do we get it. 20:11.060 --> 20:14.120 We just need to use set of all these words. 20:14.150 --> 20:14.450 Okay. 20:14.480 --> 20:16.700 Whatever words we are specifically given. 20:16.880 --> 20:17.360 Okay. 20:17.660 --> 20:21.080 So once I get the unique words I will just go ahead and print it. 20:21.110 --> 20:24.020 Print all unique words. 20:24.020 --> 20:27.500 And then after that I'm also going to print the length of the unique words. 20:27.530 --> 20:29.420 Length function is there. 20:29.420 --> 20:34.400 And let me just go ahead and write length of unique words. 20:34.430 --> 20:34.940 Okay. 20:34.970 --> 20:35.990 If I go ahead and execute. 20:35.990 --> 20:39.380 So tutorial we are discussing this in about sets R right. 20:39.380 --> 20:41.540 So eight unique words are specifically there. 20:41.540 --> 20:44.360 And here you can actually see that how I actually printed it right. 20:44.390 --> 20:45.170 Simple. 20:45.290 --> 20:48.200 So I hope you liked this particular video. 20:48.200 --> 20:52.610 With respect to sets we have almost discussed each and everything like common key methods, errors, 20:52.610 --> 20:58.430 what kind of errors you feel and what are the common, you know, functionalities methods with respect 20:58.430 --> 20:59.090 to the sets. 20:59.090 --> 21:02.720 So I hope you were able to understand this particular session. 21:02.720 --> 21:04.130 I will see you all in the next video. 21:04.130 --> 21:04.550 Thank you. 21:04.580 --> 21:04.970 Take care.