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Hey, welcome back.

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In this video, you will learn how to use the Path Leap Library Leap, a standard Python library.

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So it comes shipped with Python.

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You don't have to install path lib.

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It is installed by default, and Leap first came in Python version 3.4.

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And it is often seen as a substitute of the OS library.

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So both OS and Purfleet are useful for file and directory operations with Python.

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But OS treats file paths as strings and path lib uses a path.

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Object type two represents paths, so file pass, text files, CSB, etc. You'll see in more detail

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what path does and how you use it to operate files and folders in Python.

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So let's begin in this or Apple here.

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I have this empty Python file and I have this folder named files and the Files folder has to text files

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inside ABC that see with some sample contents and DPF the text with some other text inside.

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Now, before to leave file paths used to be treated as.

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Let's say, if you want to read this ABC dot file to read the content of that file first, you'd have

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to think about the path of that file, which in our case, its files slash ABC, the C.

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And you would say with open p one.

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In reading mode as file.

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And see Prince file that reads right, and we get the articles correctly when we run the scripts, so

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content one is the text inside a b c.

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So you can do this, you can still do this, however, now with path lead, it is recommended to use.

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A path object type, which comes from Path Phillip input path.

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So that is a class path.

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And what you do with that class is you instantiate it.

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So pass inside brackets or parentheses, you put a string which represents a path to a file.

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Right now, if I print out P1.

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You're going to see that it looks the same as this.

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All right.

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So it looks like a string.

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However, it is not a string you should print of the type.

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Of P1.

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You're going to see that it is a posix path type, so that class produces these types of objects.

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And so was the benefits of paths.

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You could ask why not using just strings?

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Why complicating the code like that?

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Well, the benefits of the path class are not visible in this small example.

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But if your code expands so for example, you'll see now path comes in handy if we see if P1.

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So P1 is this file path exists, so exists some methods of this kind of object.

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You can check more methods by doing there after importing path.

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You can do path.

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And so you'll see that exists is here the methods I'm using now, and you have more methods as well.

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So let's use exists.

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So if the path exists, then we execute this code.

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Right.

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So run.

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And yet we go the same old because the path exists, so we got the reading correctly, so this file

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exists.

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But you could also create paths for non-existing files.

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What I mean by that, let's say you want to create a new file.

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Let's call this g h i those t t.

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So you could hear the path of the fall, even though the file doesn't exist physically on disc.

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We created it in Python and then we can write something, so change R with W to open the file for writing.

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And then here we see file that writes.

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Contents three.

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So this codes here will be executed if P1 exists, but if we could say something like.

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If not, P.1 exists, then create that file.

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And Python created, so you see GHG content three.

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So I hope that the benefits of using path is no more obvious.

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So what I'm trying to say is that you have many, many methods and properties that you can use to manipulate

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paths.

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In this case, we use exists.

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Let me show you another benefit.

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So because P1 is a specialized path object, it has capabilities, for example, to extract the name

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of the file only.

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So if you print this old prints P1, that's a name you're going to get only the file name, which could

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be useful in different scenarios.

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And you'll see how this becomes very useful when you do things like renaming files, deleting etc..

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So P1, the name gives you the file name.

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If you want to get P1, that's 10.

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Guess what?

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This returns?

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Well, it's only the file name without the extension.

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And of course, you can also get only the extension P1 that suffix.

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So that's the third altitudes.

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If you were working with a string to represent the path, you could still do this things, of course,

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but it is more work and the code is less elegant.

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So that was a path to a file, but you could also have paths to a folder, so a directory like path

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and you could say just files.

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And that points us to that files directory.

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And if you want to print out the list of files and.

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Directories inside files, you could do print pizza.

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That's Peter Deer.

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Cold, that's methods and run.

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And you'll see that's the output is a generator, so it has those file names inside, but you want to

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extract them somehow.

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And you could do the extraction, either with a full loop like four.

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Item in P2, that's easy to do.

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Print item, so that's one way.

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To extract those file paths.

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And if you're curious to print the type of those items.

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You could do that, and you'll see that these two are path objects.

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So there is consistency for good reason.

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Even the objects generated by other methods such as this one in here are also path object types.

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So P2 is a path object type, so-called posix path.

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And also the output of this was a generator containing multiple path object types, right?

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So that was one way.

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You can also convert this into a list list generator.

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Executes.

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And you get these bath objects printed out.

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Inside this list, you see the square brackets here, the causing square brackets in their.

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So that's what you need to know for now.

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I think this gave you a good idea of what path leaps of boats, but you will learn it better as we use

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it in many, many programs that we will build throughout this section with real world examples.

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So I'll talk to you later.

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Thanks.