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Downloaded from
YTS.MX

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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX

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If you are a son or a daughter

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of an immigrant family
who runs a small business,

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you can definitely identify with

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spending a lot of time

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in the shop.

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Oh, it's just hard
to wake up at four.

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Everybody else is asleep
in the world.

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My parents
had strong work ethic.

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It was seven days a week,
365 days out of the year,

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no days off.

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All your donuts
are ready.

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My dad woke me up 5:00 a.m.

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every Saturday morning,
to come in and help him.

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It's hard labor.
It's physical, and no breaks.

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I was working since I was 10.

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-We have the next generation
helping here.

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We don't just have kids.
We have future employees.

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You did it, thank you.

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Growing up with
my parents, helping them out.

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This is the only thing I know.

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When I was younger,

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I kind of always thought
everyone owned donut shops

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'cause my parents
owned donut shops.

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No matter
how much donuts we make,

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it's just all gone,
all the time.

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I went to my uncle's house
when I was in fifth grade,

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he pulled out
this newspaper scrap.

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When I found out
about Ted, I was like,

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"Oh, actually, this is what
our family does for business."

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-Uncle Ted has a very
interesting reputation

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in our family.

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I don't know much
about Uncle Ted.

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I've only met him once.

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I don't know much
about him.

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I-I used to see him a lot
when I was a kid.

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What I heard about him

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was that he had a lot of money, had a lot of shops.

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He established a path
for Cambodian refugees

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to actually have
an opportunity in America.

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I love America.

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I'm so proud
that I live in America.

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I have my freedom.
I can do whatever I want.

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I'm not the only successful
Cambodian-owned donut shop.

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There are many,
many out there,

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because Uncle Ted
brought us here.

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And they are all
hard-working people.

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It really is about
tryin' to understand

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where you've come from.

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Ted Ngoy shaped
an entire ethnic community.

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He's a legend and...

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he's the king of donuts.

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In most of America,
there's an average

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of about one donut shop
for every 30,000 people.

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In LA, there's one donut
shop for every 7,000 people.

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Donuts are--
are everywhere here.

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Seems like there's one
in every strip mall,

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all originated
with Ted Ngoy.

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I mean, 5,000
independent donut shops

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in California today...

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90% owned by Cambodians.

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Customer favorite.

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Time to make the donuts.

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Mm, donuts.

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Donuts. Go nuts.

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Dunkin' Donuts
found it so hard

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to break into the LA market
that in the late '90s,

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they gave up.

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The Cambodians
have that market on lock.

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This is an important story.

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This is an exciting story.

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A very new one to tell.
Everybody knows it.

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America's Donut King.

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Ted started
working in a gas station.

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One day,
he smelled this,

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this great fragrance,

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and he asked his coworker
what it was.

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And his coworker said,
"Oh, that's a donut shop."

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I remember,
it was a slow night

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about midnight,
and there was no traffic.

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I run real fast...
come to this window right here.

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I say, "Lady, I would like
to buy some donut."

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She said, "OK, I'll sell you
a dozen donuts."

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I fall in love with donut,

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from that moment
that I have a bite.

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Donuts remind me
of a cake called

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"Nom Kong" in Cambodia.

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Donut tastes like
a little bit of your
childhood...

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when you're eating it
and experiencing it.

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This nostalgic feeling,

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it just sticks with you
throughout your adulthood.

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-Very tasty!

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He saw that
the doughnuts were delicious,

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of course, but he also saw
something else,

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that it was the middle
of the night

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and this donut shop
was doing a brisk business.

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-So I ask, "Lady,
if I can save up to $3,000,

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do you think I can open
a donut shop like this?"

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And she said, "No!
Don't open your own donut shop,

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just go to learn
from Winchell's."

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Our reputation
for quality, service,

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and cleanliness began here.

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This is our first
Winchell's Donut House.

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-Well, it's been long time, sir.
-It's good to see you.

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Yes. Good to see you.
-Oh, oh,

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very good to see you. Wow.
-You're lookin' good.

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-I'm looking good?
-You eat a lot of donuts, huh?

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- A lot of donuts...

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I still love eating donuts.

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-Good, good, good
-Yeah.

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-What kind of donuts
do you want?

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-Well... always like
my favorite one is glazed donut.

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Glazed donut should be OK.

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So beautiful!

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And I need one small
cup of coffee.

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Mmm.

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You trained me in La Mirada.

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La Mirada store out front.

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The headquarters,

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you remember?
- Yeah.

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After the first week
in training,

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I knew he was gonna be good,

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'cause he listened to me,
accepted everything.

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And he was very aggressive
and very interested.

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And the donut business
is not easy.

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-It's been 44 year now.

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-Yeah.
-I remember that I was

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only 33-33 years old. 33.

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Now, I'm 77.

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Seventy-seven?
You're still a kid.

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- Still
a kid to compare you, 91!

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-Yeah.

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In 1975, I feel that
Winchell's training program

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will give me the opportunity
to become somebody.

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Winchell's
great place to work,

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to grow, and to park.

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When I started,

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they asked me, "Ted,

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what did you do
in Cambodia?"

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I said, "I was a major
in the army."

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"Why you here for?"

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"Because of the war."

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If I stayed,
they would killed me."

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For years,
Cambodia lived on the edge

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of the Indochina War.

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Now, suddenly, it is in it.

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When I see
all these old tanks,

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I remember the war.

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Phnom Penh
is a totally chaotic,

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every day, every minute,

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there's gunfire,

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there's a rocket bomb.

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We lived in hell.

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They're getting so close.

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Sometime, we were sleeping,

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we heard the bombing,
everybody say,

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"Come down, come down!"

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In Cambodia,
the Communist forces there

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are the Khmer Rouge,

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and their goal is to
overthrow the government.

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-My brother-in-law,

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he was a general
in the army.

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He gave Ted a position.

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My job is to
take care of the payroll,

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take over
the training program.

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We need to train soldiers

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to go back and fight
against the communists.

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They assigned him
to go to Thailand.

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So, we followed him,
me and my two kids.

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In Cambodia,
enemy forces fought their way

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to within 10 miles

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of the Cambodian capital
of Phnom Penh,

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and US B-52 bombers
and helicopter gunships

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were called in
to aid the Cambodians.

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One result of the fighting

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has been to create a lot more
Cambodian refugees.

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More than one million people
have fled Phnom Penh.

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Government welfare workers admit

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the new surge is due mostly to
American bombing.

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Congress has said,
"Enough of the bombing,"

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and the president,
angry and disappointed,

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has promised to obey the law.

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The Khmer Rouge

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just keep bombing

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almost every night.

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I told my parents,

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"I live in Thailand...

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Why don't you come
and live with us?"

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But they're older,
so they don't want to come.

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On the 15th of April 1975,

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I was in Phnom Penh

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to collect the payroll.

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We were surrounded
by Khmer Rouge.

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Every day,

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we know we are closer to fall,

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but we do not know when.

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Everybody want to get out,

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00:10:57,726 --> 00:10:59,348
but couldn't get out.

200
00:11:00,867 --> 00:11:04,215
All civilian airline
stopped flying already.

201
00:11:06,735 --> 00:11:09,427
The only chance I can
get out from Phnom Penh

202
00:11:09,565 --> 00:11:11,394
is through
the military airplane.

203
00:11:13,051 --> 00:11:14,984
So, suddenly I received
a call from American pilot.

204
00:11:15,122 --> 00:11:16,365
He said, "Ted,

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00:11:16,503 --> 00:11:19,126
do you want to go back
to see your family?"

206
00:11:19,264 --> 00:11:21,094
My father-in-law said, "Son,

207
00:11:21,232 --> 00:11:23,441
you must leave. Now."

208
00:11:23,579 --> 00:11:26,927
When he sent me
to the airport, he knew

209
00:11:27,065 --> 00:11:28,135
Cambodia is falling.

210
00:11:28,273 --> 00:11:30,448
"Please take care
of my daughter."

211
00:11:30,586 --> 00:11:33,934
See, that was still fresh
in my mind.

212
00:11:34,072 --> 00:11:35,591
And I waved for him,

213
00:11:35,729 --> 00:11:37,904
and he waved and he left.

214
00:11:38,042 --> 00:11:39,629
The rocket... shelling...
everywhere...

215
00:11:39,768 --> 00:11:43,323
so I had to wait to see
where the rocket fall.

216
00:11:43,461 --> 00:11:46,706
The captain said, "Ted, are you ready? Let's go!"

217
00:11:48,846 --> 00:11:50,779
After five years of fighting,

218
00:11:50,917 --> 00:11:55,266
and 250,000 deaths,
the war in Cambodia is over.

219
00:11:55,404 --> 00:11:58,407
What was left of Cambodia's
non-communist government

220
00:11:58,545 --> 00:12:00,236
surrendered unconditionally
today

221
00:12:00,374 --> 00:12:02,204
to the Khmer Rouge insurgents.

222
00:12:02,342 --> 00:12:06,898
-My father, we lost him...
I don't know where he is.

223
00:12:07,036 --> 00:12:08,969
We don't hear anything from him.

224
00:12:09,970 --> 00:12:12,352
From the air,
of the city of Phnom Penh

225
00:12:12,490 --> 00:12:14,078
seemed almost deserted.

226
00:12:14,216 --> 00:12:16,390
There was some traffic,
but very little of it.

227
00:12:16,528 --> 00:12:18,772
We were able to see a car
here and there.

228
00:12:18,910 --> 00:12:21,257
There were also
tales of executions,

229
00:12:21,395 --> 00:12:23,812
none of them
firsthand reports.

230
00:12:24,813 --> 00:12:28,609
They closed door and
they killed people by million.

231
00:12:28,748 --> 00:12:32,130
I was in Bangkok,
happy we were family,

232
00:12:32,268 --> 00:12:33,960
but we know it's end of it.

233
00:12:34,098 --> 00:12:36,756
We can never go back
to the country.

234
00:12:36,894 --> 00:12:38,688
But then, where we go?

235
00:12:39,931 --> 00:12:42,278
1975, I was, uh,

236
00:12:42,416 --> 00:12:44,004
stationed with the 11th Marines,

237
00:12:44,142 --> 00:12:46,835
and I was a warrant officer
at the time.

238
00:12:46,973 --> 00:12:49,009
And April 30th,
we had gotten the word

239
00:12:49,147 --> 00:12:52,323
that refugees would be coming
to, uh, Camp Pendleton.

240
00:12:53,117 --> 00:12:55,740
We all wondered where.

241
00:12:58,329 --> 00:13:00,572
There were tons of refugees.

242
00:13:00,710 --> 00:13:01,953
I mean, you have thousands
and thousands of people

243
00:13:02,091 --> 00:13:04,818
trying to flee for their lives.

244
00:13:04,956 --> 00:13:07,062
The world's looking at you
for one.

245
00:13:07,200 --> 00:13:09,305
What were you going to do?

246
00:13:09,443 --> 00:13:12,688
Gerald Ford realized that this was a crisis.

247
00:13:12,826 --> 00:13:15,829
They did serve us,
they supported us.

248
00:13:15,967 --> 00:13:19,384
We have a moral obligation,
if anything,

249
00:13:19,522 --> 00:13:20,661
to bring these people in.

250
00:13:20,800 --> 00:13:22,318
But a lot of people,

251
00:13:22,456 --> 00:13:23,906
including the governor
of California,

252
00:13:24,044 --> 00:13:25,252
are deeply concerned

253
00:13:25,390 --> 00:13:27,841
that these refugees
are being brought here.

254
00:13:27,979 --> 00:13:29,187
When we have a million people

255
00:13:29,325 --> 00:13:32,708
out of work... uh,
when we have uh, our own people

256
00:13:32,846 --> 00:13:34,158
taxed to the hilt,

257
00:13:34,296 --> 00:13:38,403
uh, I'm just very slow to just uh, open the floodgates

258
00:13:38,541 --> 00:13:39,853
and say, "Come on in"

259
00:13:39,991 --> 00:13:42,822
unless we provide a way
to put Americans to work.

260
00:13:43,684 --> 00:13:47,067
I understand the attitude of some.

261
00:13:47,205 --> 00:13:50,001
We have serious
economic problems.

262
00:13:50,139 --> 00:13:53,902
But we're a country
built by immigrants.

263
00:13:54,040 --> 00:13:56,283
And despite
our economic problems,

264
00:13:56,421 --> 00:14:01,875
I'm convinced that the vast
majority of Americans today

265
00:14:02,013 --> 00:14:04,429
want these people to have
another opportunity

266
00:14:04,567 --> 00:14:07,156
to escape the probability
of death.

267
00:14:07,294 --> 00:14:10,194
And therefore, I applaud those
who feel that way.

268
00:14:15,924 --> 00:14:16,856
And once the commanding general

269
00:14:16,994 --> 00:14:18,616
gives an order,
oh, you follow it,

270
00:14:18,754 --> 00:14:21,757
whether you like it or not.
And that's what we did.

271
00:14:24,001 --> 00:14:26,210
-They had 24 hours
to set up the first camp.

272
00:14:28,143 --> 00:14:30,524
Digging trenches, getting coats, getting blankets,

273
00:14:30,662 --> 00:14:34,528
getting cots, getting food,
whatever they had to have.

274
00:14:36,599 --> 00:14:37,946
-Eighty-two
of my Marines and myself,

275
00:14:38,084 --> 00:14:42,778
we helped construct tent camp
number five, up in Talega.

276
00:14:46,747 --> 00:14:49,267
We had
over 50,000 people

277
00:14:49,405 --> 00:14:50,751
through this space.

278
00:14:57,275 --> 00:14:59,243
I can go
to any country,

279
00:14:59,381 --> 00:15:02,729
but I choose to America
because I love America.

280
00:15:02,867 --> 00:15:06,077
-"I pledge
allegiance to the flag

281
00:15:06,215 --> 00:15:08,804
of the United States
of America..."

282
00:15:08,942 --> 00:15:11,634
-We don't know much
about America,

283
00:15:11,772 --> 00:15:14,775
only some music, you know,
we heard on the radio.

284
00:15:17,364 --> 00:15:19,125
-Well, I like
cowboy movie, you know?

285
00:15:20,850 --> 00:15:22,922
The cowboys...
the horse... fighting.

286
00:15:27,961 --> 00:15:30,446
They are
America's newest immigrants,

287
00:15:30,584 --> 00:15:33,346
the first refugees,
on their ways to

288
00:15:33,484 --> 00:15:36,142
temporary shelter
at Camp Pendleton.

289
00:15:38,351 --> 00:15:40,732
It's a long flight,

290
00:15:40,870 --> 00:15:43,011
but it's comfortable.
It's OK.

291
00:15:43,149 --> 00:15:44,840
I just pray to Buddha,

292
00:15:44,978 --> 00:15:46,531
to bless my family

293
00:15:46,669 --> 00:15:48,671
to start a new life.

294
00:15:48,809 --> 00:15:50,432
When we got here,
it was like,

295
00:15:50,570 --> 00:15:51,709
early in the morning

296
00:15:51,847 --> 00:15:53,504
like 2 or 3 in the morning.

297
00:15:53,642 --> 00:15:55,955
It was so dark and so cold.

298
00:15:57,646 --> 00:15:59,234
Oh, my god!

299
00:15:59,372 --> 00:16:01,305
I was scared, really.

300
00:16:02,927 --> 00:16:04,480
You feel like...

301
00:16:04,618 --> 00:16:06,379
lost. You know?

302
00:16:10,176 --> 00:16:11,832
You just left your home.

303
00:16:11,971 --> 00:16:13,627
You left all your possessions.

304
00:16:13,765 --> 00:16:15,871
Whatever you carried with you,
that was it.

305
00:16:17,562 --> 00:16:18,770
And come to Camp Pendleton,

306
00:16:18,908 --> 00:16:21,221
and then be put in a tent
on a hard cot.

307
00:16:21,359 --> 00:16:22,740
And that's tough.

308
00:16:24,535 --> 00:16:27,227
Eight of us
went to US.

309
00:16:27,365 --> 00:16:29,505
Me and my wife,
my three children,

310
00:16:29,643 --> 00:16:32,267
my nephew
and my two cousin.

311
00:16:32,405 --> 00:16:34,027
The first thing in my mind is

312
00:16:34,165 --> 00:16:36,167
"How are we going to survive?"

313
00:16:37,237 --> 00:16:39,343
There are still
a lot of unanswered questions

314
00:16:39,481 --> 00:16:40,689
about life in America.

315
00:16:40,827 --> 00:16:43,036
Where will they settle
eventually?

316
00:16:43,174 --> 00:16:44,865
How will they live,
raising their children

317
00:16:45,004 --> 00:16:47,178
in a new and unfamiliar place?

318
00:16:47,316 --> 00:16:49,077
But there really
is no alternative.

319
00:16:49,215 --> 00:16:53,115
The old familiar place
is home no more.

320
00:16:53,253 --> 00:16:55,635
-We sold all our belongings.

321
00:16:55,773 --> 00:16:58,810
We make like $3,000,

322
00:16:58,948 --> 00:17:00,916
that's all we had.

323
00:17:01,054 --> 00:17:02,055
-It was very important

324
00:17:02,193 --> 00:17:04,713
to help the refugees
get settled,

325
00:17:04,851 --> 00:17:06,853
and to make them feel safe.

326
00:17:06,991 --> 00:17:09,442
Whatever was needed,
people were willing to help,

327
00:17:09,580 --> 00:17:11,306
and there were ads
put in on the radio

328
00:17:11,444 --> 00:17:14,205
and in the newspapers,
and people answered.

329
00:17:15,413 --> 00:17:18,382
There was a lot of
entertainment going on.

330
00:17:18,520 --> 00:17:21,661
Education classes
to teach them English,

331
00:17:21,799 --> 00:17:23,249
medical services.

332
00:17:25,182 --> 00:17:27,080
-The kids could go out and play.

333
00:17:27,218 --> 00:17:28,806
Uh, I-I mean, all night long,
you could hear

334
00:17:28,944 --> 00:17:31,119
their little voices
chirpin' out there.

335
00:17:32,534 --> 00:17:34,294
It warms your heart.

336
00:17:34,432 --> 00:17:37,918
It was a new life.
It was a beginning.

337
00:17:41,094 --> 00:17:42,682
The road may seem long.

338
00:17:42,820 --> 00:17:47,894
But I'm sure that you will find when you're diligent,

339
00:17:48,032 --> 00:17:49,309
you will be happy.

340
00:17:49,447 --> 00:17:53,141
And we will be proud
to have you as citizens

341
00:17:53,279 --> 00:17:56,178
of the United States.
Thank you.

342
00:17:57,662 --> 00:17:59,906
-We know our lives
are safe, we're safe.

343
00:18:00,044 --> 00:18:02,426
Food is a lot... better.

344
00:18:02,564 --> 00:18:04,324
-Food...? No...

345
00:18:07,845 --> 00:18:09,985
Mashed potato...

346
00:18:10,123 --> 00:18:11,435
...macaroni...

347
00:18:11,573 --> 00:18:13,333
...this and that...

348
00:18:13,471 --> 00:18:16,198
I couldn't take it anymore...

349
00:18:16,336 --> 00:18:17,993
-It was SOS, what we called,

350
00:18:18,131 --> 00:18:19,305
you know,
shit on the shingle.

351
00:18:19,443 --> 00:18:21,583
You have your bread right there, you have meat,

352
00:18:21,721 --> 00:18:26,070
and then you have this...
gray matter poured over it.

353
00:18:26,208 --> 00:18:28,486
-No, we don't like it.

354
00:18:28,624 --> 00:18:31,662
Not to me... no!

355
00:18:31,800 --> 00:18:33,733
We just eat to survive,

356
00:18:33,871 --> 00:18:35,976
because we don't have
anything else.

357
00:18:36,805 --> 00:18:38,324
I stayed in the camp
for one month.

358
00:18:38,462 --> 00:18:41,637
We heard this family left camp,
that family left camp...

359
00:18:41,775 --> 00:18:44,261
And we wondered,
"When will be our turn?"

360
00:18:44,399 --> 00:18:46,746
The key to getting out of the refugee camp

361
00:18:46,884 --> 00:18:48,541
is having an American sponsor

362
00:18:48,679 --> 00:18:51,268
who promises
at least temporary lodging.

363
00:18:51,406 --> 00:18:53,718
Church groups
and the Red Cross

364
00:18:53,856 --> 00:18:56,721
are trying to find sponsors
for the refugees.

365
00:18:56,859 --> 00:18:58,309
Finally,

366
00:18:58,447 --> 00:19:00,139
there's an announcement
that a church

367
00:19:00,277 --> 00:19:03,797
in Tustin
will sponsor my family.

368
00:19:08,008 --> 00:19:10,632
A sponsor
needed to find a way

369
00:19:10,770 --> 00:19:13,324
to house them,
get them a job,

370
00:19:13,462 --> 00:19:14,912
make sure
that they got their kids

371
00:19:15,050 --> 00:19:19,054
enrolled in the school,
got transportation.

372
00:19:19,192 --> 00:19:21,436
It's something like you would do
for your own kids.

373
00:19:22,954 --> 00:19:26,751
Peace Lutheran Church
in Tustin sponsored us.

374
00:19:26,889 --> 00:19:29,754
Pastor Dean Beaumont
and his family

375
00:19:29,892 --> 00:19:32,757
always come and take care
of our daily living.

376
00:19:33,965 --> 00:19:36,209
He's very, very gentle

377
00:19:36,347 --> 00:19:38,211
and very kind.

378
00:19:38,349 --> 00:19:40,386
-They put us in a church

379
00:19:40,524 --> 00:19:42,974
temporarily, for a week.

380
00:19:43,112 --> 00:19:44,976
They don't have shower, right?

381
00:19:45,114 --> 00:19:47,427
So, our sponsor,
every couple days,

382
00:19:47,565 --> 00:19:50,913
he took all of us to his house
and take a shower there.

383
00:19:51,776 --> 00:19:53,261
I don't remember coming here.

384
00:19:53,399 --> 00:19:55,263
I don't remember on the plane.

385
00:19:55,401 --> 00:19:57,023
But I remember that clearly.

386
00:19:57,161 --> 00:19:58,266
-God, we were so happy.

387
00:19:58,404 --> 00:19:59,681
"Oh, we get to go shower!"

388
00:20:01,683 --> 00:20:04,272
-Once in a while, they invite
my children and myself

389
00:20:04,410 --> 00:20:08,103
for barbecue
and swimming at his pool.

390
00:20:09,208 --> 00:20:12,728
-It was so happy.
Oh, so nice.

391
00:20:15,766 --> 00:20:18,562
I was a custodian
at the church.

392
00:20:18,700 --> 00:20:21,668
When I need something,
I just come here

393
00:20:21,806 --> 00:20:24,637
to use the broom
and use supplies

394
00:20:24,775 --> 00:20:27,122
to clean the church.

395
00:20:27,260 --> 00:20:29,883
I asked Dean Beaumont,
my sponsor,

396
00:20:30,021 --> 00:20:34,233
I said, "I don't think I can raise my family on $500/month."

397
00:20:34,371 --> 00:20:35,958
Then, he found me another job

398
00:20:36,096 --> 00:20:38,651
as a gas station attendant

399
00:20:38,789 --> 00:20:42,206
and also salesperson
at a Builder's Emporium.

400
00:20:42,344 --> 00:20:43,966
working almost 24 hours a day.

401
00:20:44,104 --> 00:20:46,072
We managed to do it because

402
00:20:46,210 --> 00:20:48,247
when you're poor,
when you need something,

403
00:20:48,385 --> 00:20:50,801
you always, uh...
make it happen.

404
00:20:50,939 --> 00:20:53,459
I went to school
behind the church there.

405
00:20:53,597 --> 00:20:55,668
I remember stealing
kids' lunches.

406
00:20:58,187 --> 00:20:59,223
-Me too.

407
00:20:59,361 --> 00:21:02,088
I used to...
during break time,

408
00:21:02,226 --> 00:21:04,021
'cause my parents were poor
and they didn't have money,

409
00:21:04,159 --> 00:21:06,057
so they wouldn't
send us any food.

410
00:21:06,195 --> 00:21:09,854
So, I would go in all the lunches and take snacks,

411
00:21:09,992 --> 00:21:12,201
Twinkies, and Ding Dongs,
and eat them

412
00:21:12,340 --> 00:21:14,273
because I was so happy.
I was so hungry.

413
00:21:14,411 --> 00:21:16,654
Like, "Oh my god,
this is so yummy."

414
00:21:16,792 --> 00:21:18,380
And then one day,
I got caught.

415
00:21:18,518 --> 00:21:19,795
-Uh-oh.

416
00:21:19,933 --> 00:21:20,693
-And they took

417
00:21:20,831 --> 00:21:22,626
me to the principal's office.

418
00:21:22,764 --> 00:21:26,250
I was so embarrassed but,
you know, we were hungry.

419
00:21:28,735 --> 00:21:30,323
Everyone
wants the same thing.

420
00:21:30,461 --> 00:21:33,153
They want the peace of mind
knowing they're safe,

421
00:21:33,292 --> 00:21:35,086
knowing their children are safe,

422
00:21:35,224 --> 00:21:37,744
being able to provide
and put food on the table,

423
00:21:37,882 --> 00:21:39,194
clothes on the back.

424
00:21:39,332 --> 00:21:41,541
Always wanting more
for your own

425
00:21:41,679 --> 00:21:44,475
than that you had for yourself.

426
00:21:44,613 --> 00:21:47,202
Cambodians were no different.

427
00:21:47,340 --> 00:21:50,688
Sad part about it is, they
lost their country.

428
00:21:52,172 --> 00:21:53,450
That doesn't leave you.

429
00:21:59,456 --> 00:22:00,698
So, for my family,

430
00:22:00,836 --> 00:22:02,735
American dream
is very, very important.

431
00:22:06,083 --> 00:22:09,051
If you can
achieve American dream,

432
00:22:09,189 --> 00:22:10,881
you can achieve any project.

433
00:22:11,019 --> 00:22:12,952
We know our future's
going to be different

434
00:22:13,090 --> 00:22:14,678
and we live in high hope.

435
00:22:32,903 --> 00:22:34,353
-Wow!

436
00:22:36,734 --> 00:22:37,735
The donut is an absolute

437
00:22:37,873 --> 00:22:39,875
quintessential
American food.

438
00:22:40,876 --> 00:22:43,051
You know, the ability
to pick out your own donut,

439
00:22:43,189 --> 00:22:44,224
that's a great thing.

440
00:22:44,363 --> 00:22:45,536
And you don't forget that
very quickly.

441
00:22:45,674 --> 00:22:48,367
-We're going to get a donut.

442
00:22:49,989 --> 00:22:52,543
Humungous good.

443
00:22:52,681 --> 00:22:53,786
We come here
after the dentist.

444
00:22:53,924 --> 00:22:56,340
-Right after the dentist.
-After the dentist.

445
00:22:56,478 --> 00:22:58,860
We come here every night
to drink the best coffee

446
00:22:58,998 --> 00:23:00,344
in the world.

447
00:23:00,482 --> 00:23:02,588
And the best donuts too.
-Yes.

448
00:23:02,726 --> 00:23:06,419
I'm like
the food porn curator.

449
00:23:06,557 --> 00:23:10,354
Post it at a time where
you like, kinda want donuts.

450
00:23:10,492 --> 00:23:14,600
-I'm here for my
chocolate-chocolate fix.

451
00:23:14,738 --> 00:23:15,773
The average person eats

452
00:23:15,911 --> 00:23:17,016
like three donuts a month.

453
00:23:17,154 --> 00:23:18,327
-Take a look, very busy.

454
00:23:18,466 --> 00:23:20,053
You have to do
a lot of running,

455
00:23:20,191 --> 00:23:21,779
a lot of exercise here, yes.

456
00:23:21,917 --> 00:23:22,780
You have to be quick,
quick, quick!

457
00:23:22,918 --> 00:23:24,057
Thank you.

458
00:23:25,265 --> 00:23:27,923
The doughnuts
are universally loved

459
00:23:28,061 --> 00:23:29,338
from all people.

460
00:23:29,477 --> 00:23:30,788
Would you like
anything else?

461
00:23:30,926 --> 00:23:32,065
-That's why you can
build a business from it.

462
00:23:35,137 --> 00:23:38,175
-In 1955, when
President Eisenhower

463
00:23:38,313 --> 00:23:40,729
signed the Highway Act,

464
00:23:40,867 --> 00:23:44,319
so you saw a proliferation
of the building of highways

465
00:23:44,457 --> 00:23:45,665
across America.

466
00:23:53,777 --> 00:23:56,020
-People were going to work
in their cars.

467
00:23:56,158 --> 00:23:58,333
In California especially, yeah,

468
00:23:58,471 --> 00:24:00,162
there wasn't a lot of
public transportation

469
00:24:00,300 --> 00:24:01,370
for people to take.

470
00:24:01,509 --> 00:24:03,165
Urban sprawl had
spread people out,

471
00:24:03,303 --> 00:24:04,960
so they were really
on the go a lot.

472
00:24:06,306 --> 00:24:09,206
-And that created a demand
for the portability of food.

473
00:24:16,316 --> 00:24:19,458
And Winchell's
and the donut shop chains

474
00:24:19,596 --> 00:24:21,080
answered that call.

475
00:24:21,218 --> 00:24:23,462
-Time to make the donuts.

476
00:24:23,600 --> 00:24:25,394
There was
a fractured donut landscape

477
00:24:25,533 --> 00:24:27,155
in the US at this time.

478
00:24:27,293 --> 00:24:29,675
So, Dunkin' Donuts
had the Northeast on lock.

479
00:24:29,813 --> 00:24:32,056
In California,
it was really Winchell's.

480
00:24:32,194 --> 00:24:33,782
Ooh, I can taste those cherries!

481
00:24:33,920 --> 00:24:36,716
Go ahead,
keep it up, Winchell's.

482
00:24:36,854 --> 00:24:38,166
Two donuts and coffee;

483
00:24:38,304 --> 00:24:40,686
breakfast for a good many
Americans at that time.

484
00:24:40,824 --> 00:24:44,103
So, we had Dunkin' Donut
that was coming west.

485
00:24:44,241 --> 00:24:48,694
So, what did Mr. Winchell do?
Start expanding east.

486
00:24:48,832 --> 00:24:51,731
The need
for qualified people...

487
00:24:51,869 --> 00:24:54,562
at all levels
is increasing daily.

488
00:24:54,700 --> 00:24:57,116
Whenever you see
a tremendous expansion,

489
00:24:57,254 --> 00:25:00,360
you need hard-working,
energetic,

490
00:25:00,499 --> 00:25:02,431
honest people
that will work

491
00:25:02,570 --> 00:25:04,848
in those donut shops.

492
00:25:04,986 --> 00:25:07,195
-Winchell's hopes
all of its employees

493
00:25:07,333 --> 00:25:08,507
become long-timers.

494
00:25:11,130 --> 00:25:12,027
Winchell's
training program

495
00:25:12,165 --> 00:25:13,960
lasts for three months.

496
00:25:14,098 --> 00:25:16,100
I learned a new skill,
to be a baker

497
00:25:16,238 --> 00:25:18,309
and to run a donut shop.

498
00:25:18,447 --> 00:25:20,657
After that,
they give me a store

499
00:25:20,795 --> 00:25:23,418
in Balboa Peninsula,
Newport Beach.

500
00:25:23,556 --> 00:25:26,455
That day when they turned
the key over to me...

501
00:25:26,594 --> 00:25:29,597
just excited and...
don't know how to describe.

502
00:25:29,735 --> 00:25:32,910
From the time
I came to Pendleton

503
00:25:33,048 --> 00:25:34,774
until I get the key

504
00:25:34,912 --> 00:25:36,535
to open the door
for the Winchell's,

505
00:25:36,673 --> 00:25:38,537
it took six months.
Very fast.

506
00:25:39,607 --> 00:25:41,401
-And so,
Ted entering that program,

507
00:25:41,540 --> 00:25:42,920
um, is kind of ironic

508
00:25:43,058 --> 00:25:46,096
because in some ways, they--
they trained the enemy.

509
00:26:00,144 --> 00:26:02,077
I am so encouraged,
because I know

510
00:26:02,215 --> 00:26:03,216
this my future.

511
00:26:03,354 --> 00:26:04,977
I got the skill,

512
00:26:05,115 --> 00:26:06,323
I know how to place order,

513
00:26:06,461 --> 00:26:08,083
I know how to control
the payroll.

514
00:26:08,221 --> 00:26:10,879
So, I think I can do very well.

515
00:26:11,017 --> 00:26:13,779
But, the first few months
working,

516
00:26:13,917 --> 00:26:17,817
people always make fun of me
because my language.

517
00:26:18,887 --> 00:26:20,509
-We don't speak any English.

518
00:26:20,648 --> 00:26:22,650
When people talk,

519
00:26:22,788 --> 00:26:25,963
we don't even understand,
you know,

520
00:26:26,101 --> 00:26:27,724
what they're saying.

521
00:26:27,862 --> 00:26:30,140
They talk so fast.

522
00:26:32,418 --> 00:26:34,834
In 1975,
when Ted lands,

523
00:26:34,972 --> 00:26:37,665
he lands in Orange County.

524
00:26:37,803 --> 00:26:40,322
Most of the people
he met had never before

525
00:26:40,460 --> 00:26:43,740
laid eyes on
a person from Cambodia.

526
00:26:43,878 --> 00:26:45,569
Most people
didn't know any Asians.

527
00:26:46,639 --> 00:26:48,158
The manager said to me,

528
00:26:48,296 --> 00:26:50,539
"Just like any place in America,

529
00:26:50,678 --> 00:26:53,266
people have a strong
prejudiced feeling."

530
00:26:54,889 --> 00:26:57,339
-What's happening, hot stuff?

531
00:26:59,445 --> 00:27:01,689
-"If they want, they
don't like you. Don't worry...

532
00:27:01,827 --> 00:27:04,381
let Christy take care
of the front counter."

533
00:27:04,519 --> 00:27:07,246
She's so friendlyand
people love her!

534
00:27:07,384 --> 00:27:10,145
His wife really built bridges in the community.

535
00:27:10,283 --> 00:27:13,528
And over time, that donut shop,
they had allowed them

536
00:27:13,666 --> 00:27:16,565
to become part of the community in a big way.

537
00:27:16,704 --> 00:27:19,534
-We were so happy,
now we all work together.

538
00:27:19,672 --> 00:27:22,157
We all helping each other.

539
00:27:22,295 --> 00:27:25,022
They wanted a life for us.

540
00:27:25,160 --> 00:27:26,334
-We go to school
on the weekdays,

541
00:27:26,472 --> 00:27:28,474
and go to work in the weekends.

542
00:27:28,612 --> 00:27:30,303
We were like
eight or nine years old,

543
00:27:30,441 --> 00:27:31,650
selling donuts.

544
00:27:31,788 --> 00:27:33,928
People would even ask,
"How old are you?"

545
00:27:34,066 --> 00:27:36,758
5 a.m., 6 a.m. pouring coffee,

546
00:27:36,896 --> 00:27:39,312
packing doughnuts
in pink boxes.

547
00:27:39,450 --> 00:27:40,659
-I was the youngest one,

548
00:27:40,797 --> 00:27:42,315
so I didn't usually
have to do a heck of a lot

549
00:27:42,453 --> 00:27:44,455
besides mess around.

550
00:27:46,699 --> 00:27:47,596
Sometimes
when it's slow, I'm bored,

551
00:27:47,735 --> 00:27:49,529
and when I'm bored, I eat.

552
00:27:49,668 --> 00:27:51,531
And one day,
I ate eight doughnuts.

553
00:27:51,670 --> 00:27:53,119
Like, oh my god,
it was so bad,

554
00:27:53,257 --> 00:27:54,258
but I love donuts. Like...

555
00:27:54,396 --> 00:27:56,536
Till today, I love donuts.

556
00:27:56,675 --> 00:28:00,368
At that time,
the plain donut was 8¢,

557
00:28:00,506 --> 00:28:02,888
the cake with decoration: 10¢,

558
00:28:03,026 --> 00:28:05,269
glazed: 12¢ or 15¢,

559
00:28:05,407 --> 00:28:08,065
a dozen donuts is $1.20.

560
00:28:08,203 --> 00:28:10,136
-Now it's like $10 a dozen!

561
00:28:10,274 --> 00:28:12,518
-$12. Even more.
-I can't believe it.

562
00:28:12,656 --> 00:28:15,038
This is so crazy expensive.

563
00:28:15,176 --> 00:28:17,178
-But then,
the payroll was cheap.

564
00:28:17,316 --> 00:28:18,593
We were working hard,

565
00:28:18,731 --> 00:28:23,460
we don't hire anybody, making
good money in the family.

566
00:28:31,710 --> 00:28:33,573
Asian people
try to save a lot.

567
00:28:33,712 --> 00:28:35,817
Everything
is save, save, saving.

568
00:28:35,955 --> 00:28:40,719
We put $5,000 down to buy
a condo in Newport Beach.

569
00:28:43,031 --> 00:28:44,964
I quit the job as custodian,

570
00:28:45,102 --> 00:28:48,105
I quit a job as a Builder
Emporium salesperson,

571
00:28:48,243 --> 00:28:50,349
I quit the gas attendant.

572
00:28:50,487 --> 00:28:54,146
When I got into donut business,
I tried to save everything.

573
00:28:57,701 --> 00:29:00,221
People uses
the stir stick, right?

574
00:29:00,359 --> 00:29:03,293
And then, we'd have a container,
they'd toss it there.

575
00:29:03,431 --> 00:29:05,674
So, we don't throw it away.

576
00:29:08,229 --> 00:29:10,921
We'd wash it.

577
00:29:11,059 --> 00:29:12,578
We don't have to order again.

578
00:29:12,716 --> 00:29:13,752
It saves money.

579
00:29:15,236 --> 00:29:17,963
Well, people don't put
in their mouth, right?

580
00:29:18,101 --> 00:29:19,481
-We appreciate the fact

581
00:29:19,619 --> 00:29:23,106
that you're looking out for
every penny in this business.

582
00:29:23,244 --> 00:29:25,177
However, you've got to make sure

583
00:29:25,315 --> 00:29:27,938
that you take care
of our guests.

584
00:29:28,076 --> 00:29:30,734
So,we would have a chit chat.

585
00:29:30,872 --> 00:29:32,115
- So, I know...

586
00:29:32,253 --> 00:29:34,324
I know it's not
the right way to do.

587
00:29:34,462 --> 00:29:35,566
I'm so sorry!

588
00:29:37,051 --> 00:29:39,018
Ted is a shrewd businessman.

589
00:29:39,156 --> 00:29:42,125
Another good example of
that is a box.

590
00:29:42,711 --> 00:29:44,817
Before we come
to the picture,

591
00:29:44,955 --> 00:29:48,959
American people always
use a white box.

592
00:29:49,097 --> 00:29:51,513
One day, I asked a salesman,

593
00:29:51,651 --> 00:29:55,207
say, "How about we create
some kind of pink box?"

594
00:29:55,345 --> 00:29:57,485
Because pink box
cost a lot less.

595
00:29:57,623 --> 00:30:02,007
Even a dime or two dime,
we can save a lot of money.

596
00:30:02,145 --> 00:30:03,111
He did that,

597
00:30:03,249 --> 00:30:04,561
he saved some
on his bottom line,

598
00:30:04,699 --> 00:30:07,357
and now, that's the iconic
donut box that we all know.

599
00:30:07,495 --> 00:30:08,565
-Good morning to you both!

600
00:30:08,703 --> 00:30:10,843
Donuts, go nuts.

601
00:30:10,981 --> 00:30:13,259
-Accept this little
gooey-ooey present.

602
00:30:13,397 --> 00:30:15,675
-Ah, can I get a selfie?

603
00:30:15,814 --> 00:30:17,367
-Yea-- yeah.
We need doughnuts.

604
00:30:23,200 --> 00:30:26,169
I really want to buy
a donut shop for myself,

605
00:30:26,307 --> 00:30:28,205
instead of working for
Winchell's,

606
00:30:28,343 --> 00:30:29,724
because I don't want to work

607
00:30:29,862 --> 00:30:31,968
for people for my whole life.

608
00:30:32,106 --> 00:30:34,142
One customer,
he bought a newspaper.

609
00:30:34,280 --> 00:30:37,387
And he circled,
"Ted, this one is a good buy."

610
00:30:37,525 --> 00:30:39,596
$45,000!

611
00:30:39,734 --> 00:30:41,770
I bought my first
private owned donut shop,

612
00:30:41,909 --> 00:30:44,532
Christy, in 1976.

613
00:30:44,670 --> 00:30:46,430
I still running Winchell's.

614
00:30:46,568 --> 00:30:49,917
So, we have to shop to run,
and we work double harder.

615
00:30:50,055 --> 00:30:52,333
Christy, she support me
all the way.

616
00:30:53,541 --> 00:30:56,440
-Sometime,
I go help Ted baking

617
00:30:56,578 --> 00:31:00,306
from like eight o'clock
at night until

618
00:31:00,444 --> 00:31:01,894
the next day.

619
00:31:02,032 --> 00:31:04,793
And then, I take care
of the counter there until

620
00:31:04,932 --> 00:31:09,764
like 2, 3 in the afternoon
until I come home.

621
00:31:09,902 --> 00:31:12,663
I never had a day off. No.

622
00:31:13,906 --> 00:31:17,323
Right after
we got the donut shop,

623
00:31:17,461 --> 00:31:19,532
Suganthini changed her name
to "Christy".

624
00:31:21,155 --> 00:31:23,743
My Chinese name called,
Bun Tek.

625
00:31:23,882 --> 00:31:25,538
So, I when I got a citizenship,

626
00:31:25,676 --> 00:31:27,437
I changed my name to "Ted".

627
00:31:27,575 --> 00:31:29,163
"Ted" and "Christy",

628
00:31:29,301 --> 00:31:31,993
more "American".

629
00:31:32,131 --> 00:31:33,995
Quite a... memory.

630
00:31:37,033 --> 00:31:38,034
Time go fast...

631
00:31:44,454 --> 00:31:45,938
-Time to make the donuts.

632
00:31:47,457 --> 00:31:49,735
When I really
start doing business,

633
00:31:49,873 --> 00:31:51,840
I don't even know
who is a "Dunkin'",

634
00:31:51,979 --> 00:31:54,360
I just worry about
my Christy's Donuts.

635
00:31:56,880 --> 00:31:58,813
California
was kind of the epic

636
00:31:58,951 --> 00:32:01,126
car culture of the time,

637
00:32:01,264 --> 00:32:03,335
and because there were
so many commuters...

638
00:32:03,473 --> 00:32:05,820
Dunkin' Donuts saw California
as an opportunity.

639
00:32:05,958 --> 00:32:08,064
And they wanted to make
a big push into the state.

640
00:32:08,202 --> 00:32:10,790
-Hi, Freddie.

641
00:32:10,929 --> 00:32:13,966
-We forayed lightly
into California.

642
00:32:14,104 --> 00:32:15,485
We opened one or two

643
00:32:15,623 --> 00:32:17,107
in Santa Clara, San Mateo...

644
00:32:17,245 --> 00:32:21,146
...and San Francisco and then
a couple in Orange County.

645
00:32:21,284 --> 00:32:24,149
Donut
is American breakfast.

646
00:32:24,287 --> 00:32:27,497
While they driving, they bought a few donut with coffee.

647
00:32:27,635 --> 00:32:29,982
So, there's such big demand.

648
00:32:30,120 --> 00:32:33,261
Every day, I look at
the business opportunity.

649
00:32:33,399 --> 00:32:36,678
Fast food places, they always
chose the prime locations,

650
00:32:36,816 --> 00:32:38,818
close to the freeway,

651
00:32:38,957 --> 00:32:41,338
it's perfect location
for running a donut shop.

652
00:32:43,444 --> 00:32:45,204
It really was
this perfect time and place

653
00:32:45,342 --> 00:32:47,758
for someone to set out
to be a donut entrepreneur,

654
00:32:47,896 --> 00:32:50,692
which is not like the likeliest thing to try to become.

655
00:32:50,830 --> 00:32:53,419
But Ted saw the opportunity
and he made it work.

656
00:32:54,144 --> 00:32:56,181
By 1979,

657
00:32:56,319 --> 00:32:58,804
I got about 25 donut shops.

658
00:33:11,058 --> 00:33:12,852
I took over in 1988,

659
00:33:12,991 --> 00:33:14,509
we build it up step-by-step.

660
00:33:16,339 --> 00:33:17,547
Some of
my customer

661
00:33:17,685 --> 00:33:21,551
coming to DK, 30 years,
and they still say,

662
00:33:21,689 --> 00:33:23,656
"Miss Lee,
you still look good."

663
00:33:23,794 --> 00:33:27,729
"What do you eat?"
I said "Donuts."

664
00:33:28,696 --> 00:33:30,180
-And--
-How long have you

665
00:33:30,318 --> 00:33:32,251
been coming here?
-Oh, I would say 20,

666
00:33:32,389 --> 00:33:33,873
I guess--
- 20 years?

667
00:33:34,012 --> 00:33:35,185
-Yes, 20 years.

668
00:33:35,323 --> 00:33:36,186
Do you remember
when I was little?

669
00:33:36,324 --> 00:33:37,394
-Yes.
You and your brother?

670
00:33:37,532 --> 00:33:38,740
- Yeah.
-Yes.

671
00:33:38,878 --> 00:33:40,018
What keeps you
coming back here?

672
00:33:40,156 --> 00:33:42,986
-It's great. I-I love--
I love the donuts.

673
00:33:43,124 --> 00:33:44,988
They're good. Very good.

674
00:33:47,853 --> 00:33:50,062
We're proud
of this country,

675
00:33:50,200 --> 00:33:52,237
it gives us
a lot of opportunity.

676
00:33:52,375 --> 00:33:54,998
When we first came in,
we see

677
00:33:55,136 --> 00:33:56,344
you can make money.

678
00:33:57,690 --> 00:33:59,209
This is my favorite donut...

679
00:34:00,245 --> 00:34:01,177
That's your
favorite donut?

680
00:34:01,315 --> 00:34:04,732
-Yeah.
With bacon!

681
00:34:07,528 --> 00:34:10,910
I've spent
35 years making donuts.

682
00:34:11,049 --> 00:34:12,119
-He does really well.

683
00:34:12,257 --> 00:34:13,154
He still has his touch.

684
00:34:18,953 --> 00:34:22,439
My father worked
every day for 25 years.

685
00:34:23,440 --> 00:34:25,649
My parents did a good job
providing for all of us.

686
00:34:25,787 --> 00:34:30,447
We all went to school...
and we all got married,

687
00:34:30,585 --> 00:34:33,036
and pretty much, you know,
living the American dream.

688
00:34:34,072 --> 00:34:35,763
San Clemente is
a really, really

689
00:34:35,901 --> 00:34:38,041
great small community, um,

690
00:34:38,179 --> 00:34:39,387
and there's lines
out the door,

691
00:34:39,525 --> 00:34:40,664
because they're so loyal to us,

692
00:34:40,802 --> 00:34:43,633
and they want to come and
supporting us.

693
00:34:43,771 --> 00:34:45,428
A cinnamon roll.

694
00:34:46,739 --> 00:34:48,569
There you go.

695
00:34:49,501 --> 00:34:51,054
You would think by now

696
00:34:51,192 --> 00:34:52,918
most people would know
about Cambodia,

697
00:34:53,056 --> 00:34:54,506
would know about the genocide,

698
00:34:54,644 --> 00:34:55,886
would know about
all the killing,

699
00:34:56,024 --> 00:34:58,441
but there are a lot of customer,
my customer,

700
00:34:58,579 --> 00:34:59,718
they approach me,
or I approach them,

701
00:34:59,856 --> 00:35:01,202
talking about Cambodia.

702
00:35:01,340 --> 00:35:03,963
They have no clue where,
where it is.

703
00:35:08,278 --> 00:35:09,797
This place
used to be a school,

704
00:35:09,935 --> 00:35:10,936
a primary school.

705
00:35:11,074 --> 00:35:14,146
It's a school name Tuol Sleng,
but then

706
00:35:14,284 --> 00:35:16,010
they use as a prison center.

707
00:35:27,366 --> 00:35:29,851
After I stay one year
in California,

708
00:35:29,989 --> 00:35:32,199
I have no news about,
from my family.

709
00:35:32,337 --> 00:35:34,718
When the Khmer Rouge took over, that's it.

710
00:35:34,856 --> 00:35:37,169
All communication is closed.

711
00:35:37,307 --> 00:35:38,170
We're in the dark,

712
00:35:38,308 --> 00:35:39,344
everybody is in the dark.

713
00:35:40,448 --> 00:35:41,863
-From now-Communist Cambodia,

714
00:35:42,001 --> 00:35:44,211
there was little
authenticated news today.

715
00:35:44,349 --> 00:35:46,040
No Western news reports at all,

716
00:35:46,178 --> 00:35:48,215
and the rest rumors
and counter-rumors.

717
00:35:52,046 --> 00:35:53,979
We're just
thinking about my parents,

718
00:35:54,117 --> 00:35:55,360
and Bun Chhay my cousin,

719
00:35:55,498 --> 00:35:56,740
my sisters, but...

720
00:35:56,878 --> 00:35:58,501
there's nothing
we can do except

721
00:35:58,639 --> 00:36:00,537
cry and pray for them.

722
00:36:03,091 --> 00:36:04,265
Communications are emerging

723
00:36:04,403 --> 00:36:06,750
that the communist conquerors
may be planning

724
00:36:06,888 --> 00:36:09,305
one of the most unusual
political, social,

725
00:36:09,443 --> 00:36:11,652
and economic revolutions
in history.

726
00:36:11,790 --> 00:36:14,241
That they may intend to
seal off Cambodia

727
00:36:14,379 --> 00:36:17,071
from the outside world
and inside,

728
00:36:17,209 --> 00:36:19,694
create a completely peasant
society

729
00:36:19,832 --> 00:36:21,627
with a virtual abandonment
of the city.

730
00:36:23,595 --> 00:36:26,874
When the Khmer Rouge
took over the country,

731
00:36:27,012 --> 00:36:28,565
at the beginning,
we feel, "Oh!

732
00:36:28,703 --> 00:36:31,119
No more war.
We're so happy."

733
00:36:31,258 --> 00:36:32,569
You can see the people.

734
00:36:32,707 --> 00:36:33,984
They're already
out on the streets,

735
00:36:34,122 --> 00:36:36,401
waving and cheering
as Khmer Rouge arrives.

736
00:36:39,093 --> 00:36:42,717
But, they
evacuate us to the village,

737
00:36:42,855 --> 00:36:45,030
and then we'd start to scare.

738
00:36:46,238 --> 00:36:47,274
There's no warning

739
00:36:47,412 --> 00:36:48,965
and we're just
following people,

740
00:36:49,103 --> 00:36:52,451
and they're just marching
lines and lines of people

741
00:36:52,589 --> 00:36:55,558
out of the cities.

742
00:36:55,696 --> 00:36:56,869
It's people everywhere.

743
00:36:58,457 --> 00:37:00,114
Seven o'clock in the morning,

744
00:37:00,252 --> 00:37:01,460
they come out all--

745
00:37:01,598 --> 00:37:05,292
with all the gun
and all this black clothing.

746
00:37:05,430 --> 00:37:08,674
And they say, "Everyone
from the house, get out!"

747
00:37:09,779 --> 00:37:10,849
They said now

748
00:37:10,987 --> 00:37:12,057
we're coming
back in three days.

749
00:37:12,195 --> 00:37:13,472
We were walking
for a long time,

750
00:37:13,610 --> 00:37:16,751
from early morning
until evening.

751
00:37:16,889 --> 00:37:19,823
Three days later,
we realized that it's a trick.

752
00:37:19,961 --> 00:37:22,757
Every city is dead.

753
00:37:22,895 --> 00:37:25,484
There are no people,
only a few soldiers.

754
00:37:27,072 --> 00:37:30,386
It's just a dead city,
and a dead country.

755
00:37:31,766 --> 00:37:33,320
What is happening in Cambodia

756
00:37:33,458 --> 00:37:36,599
is one of the strangest
forced migrations in history.

757
00:37:36,737 --> 00:37:39,464
Phnom Penh was a city
of over two million people,

758
00:37:39,602 --> 00:37:42,398
a population equal to
that of Cleveland, Ohio.

759
00:37:42,536 --> 00:37:43,709
And now it's empty.

760
00:37:44,917 --> 00:37:46,919
We overheard
that they killed

761
00:37:47,057 --> 00:37:50,095
soldiers, the
government officers,

762
00:37:50,233 --> 00:37:52,753
all those students,

763
00:37:52,891 --> 00:37:54,617
the high educated.

764
00:37:56,170 --> 00:37:57,309
Before the war started,

765
00:37:57,447 --> 00:38:03,177
my dad was the principal
of Chinese school.

766
00:38:03,315 --> 00:38:05,973
And so, my dad pretend
that he was uneducated.

767
00:38:07,492 --> 00:38:10,322
I only think
the next hour, the next day,

768
00:38:10,460 --> 00:38:12,738
because there's no hope at all.

769
00:38:14,568 --> 00:38:16,294
The regime
emptied Phnom Penh

770
00:38:16,432 --> 00:38:17,571
of millions of people,

771
00:38:17,709 --> 00:38:19,297
forcing them into
rural labor camps,

772
00:38:19,435 --> 00:38:21,299
and killing thousands.

773
00:38:21,437 --> 00:38:22,265
They would make us work

774
00:38:22,403 --> 00:38:25,061
from 5:00 to 5:00 every day.

775
00:38:25,199 --> 00:38:29,514
Cambodia is like more than
100 degrees every day.

776
00:38:29,652 --> 00:38:31,723
The sun is very, very hot.

777
00:38:31,861 --> 00:38:35,347
It's very easy to get sick,
and they don't care.

778
00:38:35,485 --> 00:38:37,315
Whoever lazy, kill.

779
00:38:38,316 --> 00:38:40,939
You're forced
to go to work in a rice field.

780
00:38:41,077 --> 00:38:44,218
They use those rice
to buy weapon

781
00:38:44,356 --> 00:38:45,840
instead of feeding
their people.

782
00:38:45,978 --> 00:38:47,221
The whole family,

783
00:38:47,359 --> 00:38:49,879
we only have
one little bowl of rice.

784
00:38:50,017 --> 00:38:53,020
We have to share
to nine people.

785
00:38:53,158 --> 00:38:54,573
-It's not enough
to go on the next day,

786
00:38:54,711 --> 00:38:57,093
and work in the field.

787
00:38:57,231 --> 00:38:59,854
People die
right in front of me.

788
00:39:00,752 --> 00:39:02,719
At night, I slept

789
00:39:02,857 --> 00:39:07,621
with piles of dead bodies.

790
00:39:07,759 --> 00:39:13,351
Hands and feet exposed,
it smelled terrible.

791
00:39:14,559 --> 00:39:16,699
At first,
we all together,

792
00:39:16,837 --> 00:39:19,391
but after like a year
and a half, they split us.

793
00:39:19,529 --> 00:39:22,670
They separated
children from their family.

794
00:39:22,808 --> 00:39:24,672
The family,
we're all separate.

795
00:39:24,810 --> 00:39:27,399
You don't even hear
how are they doing.

796
00:39:27,537 --> 00:39:29,988
Are they fine?
Are they sick?

797
00:39:30,126 --> 00:39:31,403
-I ran home a few time.

798
00:39:31,541 --> 00:39:33,336
My father
actually was threatened

799
00:39:33,474 --> 00:39:35,407
by one of the leaders
saying that,

800
00:39:35,545 --> 00:39:38,099
"If I caught your daughter
running home again,

801
00:39:38,237 --> 00:39:40,239
then the family
will get killed."

802
00:39:40,378 --> 00:39:43,622
with a butcher knife...

803
00:39:43,760 --> 00:39:45,762
-...threatened to kill me,

804
00:39:45,900 --> 00:39:47,350
because he had to do it
in front of them

805
00:39:47,488 --> 00:39:50,353
to show them that he's not
encouraging me to run home.

806
00:39:53,080 --> 00:39:55,531
I thought he was serious,
and so I never came home.

807
00:39:58,706 --> 00:40:00,639
We were separated
for five years.

808
00:40:01,813 --> 00:40:03,055
I thought maybe they're dead.

809
00:40:04,332 --> 00:40:05,541
They probably thought
I was dead.

810
00:40:07,922 --> 00:40:09,441
I was seven years old.

811
00:40:12,237 --> 00:40:14,791
I was 11 years old.

812
00:40:16,793 --> 00:40:18,692
I was 18 years old.

813
00:40:24,801 --> 00:40:26,285
You would think
after 30 years, you--

814
00:40:26,424 --> 00:40:28,149
you don't remember,
but you do.

815
00:40:29,737 --> 00:40:30,876
That moment.

816
00:40:36,606 --> 00:40:39,195
My family,
it was tragic.

817
00:40:39,333 --> 00:40:43,302
My older brother died,
my younger brother died...

818
00:40:43,441 --> 00:40:46,098
I am the only survivor.

819
00:40:55,832 --> 00:40:57,006
Cambodia's militarism

820
00:40:57,144 --> 00:40:58,421
was even too much

821
00:40:58,559 --> 00:41:01,459
for its one-time ally
and neighbor, Vietnam.

822
00:41:01,597 --> 00:41:03,495
Saying Cambodia threatened
its borders,

823
00:41:03,633 --> 00:41:06,567
Vietnam helped
overthrow Pol Pot.

824
00:41:06,705 --> 00:41:09,501
Since January 7th,
the Hanalei-backed government

825
00:41:09,639 --> 00:41:10,985
has been in power.

826
00:41:11,123 --> 00:41:12,918
Vietnamese troops
are everywhere,

827
00:41:13,056 --> 00:41:15,645
patrol the streets,
run the city.

828
00:41:17,371 --> 00:41:19,338
The soldier
came to the area and say,

829
00:41:19,477 --> 00:41:23,826
"Hey, you guy are free.
Let's get out."

830
00:41:23,964 --> 00:41:27,519
Oh, my God. We're gonna
have our future now.

831
00:41:27,657 --> 00:41:31,178
The government of Thailand,
they send the people,

832
00:41:31,316 --> 00:41:32,869
come pick us up.

833
00:41:33,007 --> 00:41:36,424
They put us in a little camp,
which is like 15,000 people

834
00:41:36,563 --> 00:41:39,393
and we said, "Okay,
we're not gonna die anymore."

835
00:41:39,531 --> 00:41:41,602
We're like reborn.

836
00:41:41,740 --> 00:41:43,742
Finally, I see light

837
00:41:43,880 --> 00:41:46,227
because Cambodia, there's
no light for all those years.

838
00:41:46,365 --> 00:41:48,471
We live in dark.

839
00:41:48,609 --> 00:41:49,921
When we got
to the border of Thailand,

840
00:41:50,059 --> 00:41:51,612
the Red Cross were there.

841
00:41:51,750 --> 00:41:53,752
I don't know who these people,
who they are.

842
00:41:53,890 --> 00:41:56,548
But for me, we're just happy
to see food.

843
00:41:58,999 --> 00:42:01,035
My mom, my dad came
and picked me up

844
00:42:01,173 --> 00:42:02,865
from children's camp.

845
00:42:03,003 --> 00:42:04,625
And I don't know
how they found me,

846
00:42:04,763 --> 00:42:05,971
but we just want to get out.

847
00:42:06,109 --> 00:42:07,248
My parents
just want to get out.

848
00:42:09,078 --> 00:42:10,044
As the wife of the President

849
00:42:10,182 --> 00:42:11,425
of the United States,

850
00:42:11,563 --> 00:42:13,600
I can only say
that I want to go home

851
00:42:13,738 --> 00:42:17,500
and do all I can
to mobilize our people

852
00:42:17,638 --> 00:42:20,503
and see that we do all
that we possibly can

853
00:42:20,641 --> 00:42:23,057
to help the situation here.

854
00:42:23,195 --> 00:42:25,404
Red Cross, say,

855
00:42:25,543 --> 00:42:28,476
"So, we're willing
to take you out.

856
00:42:28,615 --> 00:42:30,755
Which country
do you want to go?"

857
00:42:30,893 --> 00:42:34,897
My dad say, "We don't want to go
anywhere but America.

858
00:42:35,035 --> 00:42:38,245
I want to take all my kid
to America."

859
00:42:39,246 --> 00:42:41,144
All over the world,

860
00:42:41,282 --> 00:42:43,940
there are refugees

861
00:42:44,078 --> 00:42:46,356
searching for freedom.

862
00:42:46,494 --> 00:42:49,463
And whenever you think back
on the history of our country,

863
00:42:49,601 --> 00:42:53,225
you'll recognize that our nation
is a nation of immigrants.

864
00:42:53,363 --> 00:42:55,124
We're a nation of refugees.

865
00:42:57,126 --> 00:42:58,645
When the plane take off,

866
00:42:58,783 --> 00:43:01,786
I looked down there,
I said, "Goodbye, Cambodia.

867
00:43:01,924 --> 00:43:05,099
I will not come back
to Cambodia again."

868
00:43:09,172 --> 00:43:10,864
I do not know where's America?

869
00:43:11,002 --> 00:43:13,832
All I know that my mom said
that Uncle Ted

870
00:43:13,970 --> 00:43:16,801
are waiting for us,
and I asked her,

871
00:43:16,939 --> 00:43:17,940
"Who's Uncle Ted?"

872
00:43:19,527 --> 00:43:21,046
I receive a phone call

873
00:43:21,184 --> 00:43:23,601
from the US Embassy in Bangkok.

874
00:43:23,739 --> 00:43:25,948
My relationship with them
is very good, very close,

875
00:43:26,086 --> 00:43:28,985
because I was a major
in the Army.

876
00:43:29,123 --> 00:43:31,298
My family knew
that I-I survived,

877
00:43:31,436 --> 00:43:33,680
and they want me
to sponsor them.

878
00:43:33,818 --> 00:43:37,028
The embassy asked me,
"Ted, can you sponsor them?"

879
00:43:37,166 --> 00:43:38,546
I said, "Yeah, of course!"

880
00:43:41,480 --> 00:43:43,241
They all come at the same time,

881
00:43:43,379 --> 00:43:45,692
my both sister,
my mother, my father,

882
00:43:45,830 --> 00:43:47,383
children and everybody

883
00:43:47,521 --> 00:43:49,627
come in--
in the same big group.

884
00:43:52,146 --> 00:43:54,390
When we landed to LAX,

885
00:43:54,528 --> 00:43:59,913
I was just looking everywhere.
Taking in everything, you know.

886
00:44:00,051 --> 00:44:03,468
Big, tall people, white people, blond hair, blue eyes,

887
00:44:03,606 --> 00:44:06,678
I mean, they are all so tall
and I'm like tiny little girl.

888
00:44:06,816 --> 00:44:09,370
-When I see them
walk out from the airport,

889
00:44:09,508 --> 00:44:10,820
I couldn't recognize them

890
00:44:10,958 --> 00:44:13,098
because they are so skinny,
just...

891
00:44:13,236 --> 00:44:16,619
you know,
just skin and bone.

892
00:44:16,757 --> 00:44:19,760
The house,
the road, the freeway, cars,

893
00:44:19,898 --> 00:44:21,728
you name it,
everything just

894
00:44:21,866 --> 00:44:22,867
different, different.

895
00:44:23,005 --> 00:44:24,075
I mean,
it's almost like a dream.

896
00:44:29,183 --> 00:44:31,185
When we got there,
I run around in the house

897
00:44:31,323 --> 00:44:32,670
and I open the refrigerator.

898
00:44:32,808 --> 00:44:34,257
It's like, "Oh my god,
there's food."

899
00:44:34,395 --> 00:44:38,606
And we couldn't stop eating.
We're eating all his food.

900
00:44:38,745 --> 00:44:39,849
Auntie Christy
would have to buy more food,

901
00:44:39,987 --> 00:44:42,196
constantly going grocery.

902
00:44:42,334 --> 00:44:44,060
I remember she's saying, "God,
you guys have been starving."

903
00:44:48,582 --> 00:44:50,653
First day,
I was in San Francisco.

904
00:44:50,791 --> 00:44:52,690
I got a jacket,
and I got a green card.

905
00:44:52,828 --> 00:44:53,829
I don't know anything.

906
00:44:53,967 --> 00:44:57,764
I did not know
what's an a-a-a-an apple.

907
00:44:57,902 --> 00:45:01,802
I don't know what's pennies.
I did not have anything.

908
00:45:01,940 --> 00:45:06,013
When I want to go to the store, I have no money to take the bus.

909
00:45:06,151 --> 00:45:07,566
I have to walk.

910
00:45:07,705 --> 00:45:11,294
I did not have money
to buy a shoe.

911
00:45:11,432 --> 00:45:15,574
But I-I feel like
I'm a brand-new person.

912
00:45:15,713 --> 00:45:18,923
Like, uh, I'm not gonna die.

913
00:45:21,063 --> 00:45:22,305
I'm so happy.

914
00:45:22,443 --> 00:45:25,723
I have my own freedom.

915
00:45:25,861 --> 00:45:29,071
I'm willing to work hard
for my life.

916
00:45:29,209 --> 00:45:32,557
It's not too late.
I was only 17 and a half.

917
00:45:36,250 --> 00:45:38,908
-I sponsor
more than 100 families.

918
00:45:54,234 --> 00:45:57,858
When I first came to America,

919
00:45:57,996 --> 00:46:00,896
I was willing to do anything.

920
00:46:01,034 --> 00:46:05,176
Scrubbing toilets?
Sure, I didn't mind.

921
00:46:05,314 --> 00:46:07,661
I just needed to survive.

922
00:46:07,799 --> 00:46:10,353
-I'm looking for a job...

923
00:46:10,491 --> 00:46:13,943
anything...
cleaning, or whatever...

924
00:46:14,081 --> 00:46:16,532
We just get any job
that we can get.

925
00:46:17,671 --> 00:46:20,122
My dad,
he's interesting to do

926
00:46:20,260 --> 00:46:21,433
the donut business.

927
00:46:21,571 --> 00:46:24,333
So my dad decided to
look for Ted Ngoy

928
00:46:24,471 --> 00:46:26,473
because everybody goes to him.

929
00:46:26,611 --> 00:46:28,233
So, everybody
come to me, they say

930
00:46:28,371 --> 00:46:30,373
"Hey, let's go learn
from Uncle Ted."

931
00:46:30,511 --> 00:46:32,824
So I see opportunity here,
you know,

932
00:46:32,962 --> 00:46:35,862
because there's such big demand.

933
00:46:36,000 --> 00:46:39,658
I had no idea
what a donut was.

934
00:46:39,797 --> 00:46:46,320
Ted knew donuts, so I went
with him every day and learned.

935
00:46:46,458 --> 00:46:48,667
Everybody come to learn.

936
00:46:48,806 --> 00:46:51,498
And I pay for airfare,
and I-I give them food.

937
00:46:51,636 --> 00:46:53,431
I give them lodging.

938
00:46:53,569 --> 00:46:55,709
I just want to see them
successful.

939
00:46:56,952 --> 00:46:58,850
-That very first night,
I remember,

940
00:46:58,988 --> 00:47:01,197
my dad did not rest at all.

941
00:47:01,335 --> 00:47:02,854
I said, "Where are you going?"

942
00:47:02,992 --> 00:47:05,098
He said, "Well, I'm gonna go
with Uncle Ted to go to work."

943
00:47:06,962 --> 00:47:08,895
Imagine
going to any other country

944
00:47:09,033 --> 00:47:11,345
where you don't know
the culture, the language

945
00:47:11,483 --> 00:47:13,969
or anything else.
How do you survive?

946
00:47:14,107 --> 00:47:17,835
My father gave them
that opportunity.

947
00:47:17,973 --> 00:47:19,837
We don't know nothing.

948
00:47:19,975 --> 00:47:21,355
We don't know the culture,

949
00:47:21,493 --> 00:47:23,702
we don't know the food,

950
00:47:23,841 --> 00:47:25,773
but he allows me
to get close to him,

951
00:47:25,912 --> 00:47:27,914
to learn so quick.

952
00:47:28,052 --> 00:47:31,987
Ning Yen, in 1980,
he came to-to look for me.

953
00:47:32,125 --> 00:47:34,230
And he said, "Uncle.
I heard about your name,

954
00:47:34,368 --> 00:47:36,370
and I want to be
successful like you."

955
00:47:36,508 --> 00:47:38,890
So I said, "I want to
train you to be a baker."

956
00:47:39,028 --> 00:47:40,305
If you know how to bake,

957
00:47:40,443 --> 00:47:41,928
then you learn how to
take care of payroll.

958
00:47:42,066 --> 00:47:43,722
Then, you can run
the whole store, you know.

959
00:47:43,861 --> 00:47:45,863
If you don't know how to bake,
forget it.

960
00:47:46,001 --> 00:47:47,968
And he made a good donut

961
00:47:48,106 --> 00:47:49,832
and he saved a lot of money.

962
00:47:49,970 --> 00:47:52,973
Then, he want to open
his own store.

963
00:47:53,111 --> 00:47:57,046
I opened up
Mag's Donuts in 1981.

964
00:47:59,911 --> 00:48:02,086
More people
demanding shops,

965
00:48:02,224 --> 00:48:04,812
me and Christy,
we talk among ourselves

966
00:48:04,951 --> 00:48:07,781
then we created
a leasing program.

967
00:48:08,782 --> 00:48:12,475
One store, after overhead,
it makes $7,000 net.

968
00:48:12,613 --> 00:48:14,961
I lease out for $3,000,

969
00:48:15,099 --> 00:48:18,654
I let the family
make $4,000.

970
00:48:18,792 --> 00:48:20,414
I only lease
to Cambodian Americans.

971
00:48:20,552 --> 00:48:22,589
I never imagined

972
00:48:22,727 --> 00:48:27,318
that I'd be the owner
of BC donuts.

973
00:48:29,182 --> 00:48:30,942
After a few years,
my parents save up

974
00:48:31,080 --> 00:48:32,806
and they bought their own
first donut shop.

975
00:48:32,944 --> 00:48:35,050
They have to figure out a name.

976
00:48:35,188 --> 00:48:36,637
And so,
because we all love roses,

977
00:48:36,775 --> 00:48:39,019
they named Rose Cafe.

978
00:48:39,157 --> 00:48:42,229
My mom, my dad did help
quite a bit of people

979
00:48:42,367 --> 00:48:44,059
when they settled here.

980
00:48:44,197 --> 00:48:46,164
They just give them
an opportunity.

981
00:48:46,302 --> 00:48:48,097
The first donut shop I work

982
00:48:48,235 --> 00:48:51,825
was run by Ted Ngoy's sister,
Rose Donut.

983
00:48:51,963 --> 00:48:54,793
I knew less than
10 word of English.

984
00:48:54,932 --> 00:48:58,487
"Hi, hello. Thank you.
Goodbye.

985
00:48:58,625 --> 00:49:00,938
Point it."
That's all I know.

986
00:49:01,076 --> 00:49:05,908
And I learned
only the donut name,

987
00:49:06,046 --> 00:49:07,668
but back in those times,

988
00:49:07,806 --> 00:49:11,465
there's no-no-no more
than 10 item.

989
00:49:11,603 --> 00:49:14,468
It's only glazed sugar,
chocolate, glaze twist,

990
00:49:14,606 --> 00:49:16,125
sugar twist,
soft chocolate twist,

991
00:49:16,263 --> 00:49:19,542
bear claw, apple fritter,
cinnamon roll. That's it.

992
00:49:19,680 --> 00:49:22,476
I was always
thinking about expanding,

993
00:49:22,614 --> 00:49:23,546
expanding, expanding.

994
00:49:23,684 --> 00:49:24,962
Never have time to relax.

995
00:49:25,100 --> 00:49:28,482
You know, my full mind,
every day, is thinking about

996
00:49:28,620 --> 00:49:31,037
how to get more shops.

997
00:49:31,175 --> 00:49:32,348
You help one family,

998
00:49:32,486 --> 00:49:33,832
and they--they bring
the relatives,

999
00:49:33,971 --> 00:49:37,146
and then they open up
more shops and more shops.

1000
00:49:37,284 --> 00:49:38,803
It spread
like wildfire, you know,

1001
00:49:38,941 --> 00:49:40,425
so fast so fast!

1002
00:49:41,979 --> 00:49:43,152
-I remember 25 donut shops,
but--

1003
00:49:43,290 --> 00:49:44,153
-Fifty-two.

1004
00:49:44,291 --> 00:49:45,672
-Oh, 52 donut shops?
-Mm.

1005
00:49:45,810 --> 00:49:47,294
Mm. Wow!

1006
00:49:48,606 --> 00:49:50,435
I think
I have 65 shops.

1007
00:49:55,026 --> 00:49:57,442
Ted becomes
really surprisingly wealthy

1008
00:49:57,580 --> 00:49:59,548
off of these,
these donut shops

1009
00:49:59,686 --> 00:50:01,860
that he leases
to other Cambodians.

1010
00:50:03,310 --> 00:50:05,450
And, at one time,
he estimates his wealth

1011
00:50:05,588 --> 00:50:07,590
at something
like $20 million.

1012
00:50:07,728 --> 00:50:09,592
We're making
good money, yeah,

1013
00:50:09,730 --> 00:50:12,354
because we lease
all the donut shops, you know.

1014
00:50:12,492 --> 00:50:16,289
Some of 'em
$3,000, $5,000 each.

1015
00:50:17,531 --> 00:50:20,120
-I enjoy making money here.

1016
00:50:20,258 --> 00:50:23,261
By 1985, I make about
$100,000 net, every month.

1017
00:50:23,399 --> 00:50:25,056
They call me "Donut King."

1018
00:50:33,375 --> 00:50:35,308
I realized
that we were pretty wealthy

1019
00:50:35,446 --> 00:50:37,551
when we moved
to Mission Viejo.

1020
00:50:41,210 --> 00:50:42,522
It's an expensive house,

1021
00:50:42,660 --> 00:50:44,213
it cost me about
$2 million dollars.

1022
00:50:44,351 --> 00:50:48,183
Wow!
This is my master bedroom.

1023
00:50:48,321 --> 00:50:51,393
This is the bathroom.

1024
00:50:51,531 --> 00:50:52,842
Unbelievable.

1025
00:50:54,568 --> 00:50:55,569
It's so beautiful!

1026
00:50:57,606 --> 00:50:59,056
It was a great house.

1027
00:50:59,194 --> 00:51:00,436
Three stories.

1028
00:51:00,574 --> 00:51:02,128
It was amazing.

1029
00:51:02,266 --> 00:51:04,130
At school,
I was referred to as

1030
00:51:04,268 --> 00:51:06,684
"the kid with the elevator."

1031
00:51:06,822 --> 00:51:09,204
How many people have an elevator in the house, right?

1032
00:51:13,346 --> 00:51:14,554
-Can you believe it?

1033
00:51:16,590 --> 00:51:19,490
Swimming pool
next to the lake?

1034
00:51:19,628 --> 00:51:21,630
Own boat dock.

1035
00:51:23,114 --> 00:51:24,322
It's beautiful.

1036
00:51:25,599 --> 00:51:28,499
My dad loves people,
and he loves entertaining.

1037
00:51:28,637 --> 00:51:31,502
We had parties
all the time.

1038
00:51:31,640 --> 00:51:35,954
Every month,
they invite us to the house,

1039
00:51:36,093 --> 00:51:39,199
make special food for us.

1040
00:51:39,337 --> 00:51:42,306
Every weekend, people come visit all the time,

1041
00:51:42,444 --> 00:51:44,687
non-stop.

1042
00:51:44,825 --> 00:51:46,655
I remember
people coming in and out.

1043
00:51:46,793 --> 00:51:48,243
Different people
living with us.

1044
00:51:48,381 --> 00:51:51,211
Strange people,
and "Why are they here, Mom?"

1045
00:51:51,349 --> 00:51:53,455
And there was
a Cambodian dance troupe

1046
00:51:53,593 --> 00:51:54,801
that was touring,

1047
00:51:54,939 --> 00:51:57,493
and they ran out of money.

1048
00:51:57,631 --> 00:51:59,564
I feel sorry
for these kids,

1049
00:51:59,702 --> 00:52:02,843
so I invite everybody...
50 of them,

1050
00:52:02,981 --> 00:52:04,328
come to live in that home.

1051
00:52:04,466 --> 00:52:06,088
We had to feed them
three meal,

1052
00:52:06,226 --> 00:52:08,194
breakfast, lunch,
and dinner.

1053
00:52:08,332 --> 00:52:10,817
-You can imagine
how chaotic it was.

1054
00:52:10,955 --> 00:52:13,337
You know, there's
people everywhere.

1055
00:52:13,475 --> 00:52:15,028
-I told them,
"Whatever you enjoy,

1056
00:52:15,166 --> 00:52:16,823
just do it!"

1057
00:52:16,961 --> 00:52:18,445
They jumped in the lake,
they use my boat,

1058
00:52:18,583 --> 00:52:20,482
pool, everything...

1059
00:52:20,620 --> 00:52:24,175
-My parents definitely enjoyed
the fruits of their labor.

1060
00:52:24,313 --> 00:52:27,351
We have fun because
Christy and I love to travel.

1061
00:52:43,677 --> 00:52:45,541
Life was good.

1062
00:52:50,512 --> 00:52:51,823
We bought
a Cadillac, but later,

1063
00:52:51,961 --> 00:52:54,895
Christy say, "How about
change to the Mercedes?"

1064
00:52:55,033 --> 00:52:56,380
So we went to Europe,

1065
00:52:56,518 --> 00:52:59,072
to pick up Mercedes
from Stuttgart, Germany

1066
00:52:59,210 --> 00:53:01,281
and we shipped to California.

1067
00:53:01,419 --> 00:53:03,249
And we both love it!

1068
00:53:19,817 --> 00:53:20,887
Wow!

1069
00:53:21,025 --> 00:53:22,371
What a memory.

1070
00:53:24,477 --> 00:53:27,721
-...has made millions of dollars from donuts.

1071
00:53:27,859 --> 00:53:30,034
Elizabeth Anderson
has his story.

1072
00:53:30,172 --> 00:53:31,967
A man
who didn't know the difference

1073
00:53:32,105 --> 00:53:34,590
between glazed or sprinkled,

1074
00:53:34,728 --> 00:53:37,455
Ning Yen now manufactures
and distributes supplies

1075
00:53:37,593 --> 00:53:41,183
to donut shops
throughout the Western states.

1076
00:53:41,321 --> 00:53:43,599
Two-thirds are owned
by Cambodians.

1077
00:53:43,737 --> 00:53:47,879
In '80, there was
only one distribution company.

1078
00:53:48,017 --> 00:53:51,400
It was very hard to get
the credit to buy their product.

1079
00:53:51,538 --> 00:53:56,647
So, me and Ted's nephew,
Bun Tao,

1080
00:53:56,785 --> 00:54:00,202
start a small,
small distribution company.

1081
00:54:01,721 --> 00:54:04,896
Then, I started
Santa Ana Packaging.

1082
00:54:05,966 --> 00:54:08,452
-He supplied all
the ingredients and boxes

1083
00:54:08,590 --> 00:54:11,765
to Cambodian American
donut owners.

1084
00:54:11,903 --> 00:54:14,354
Cambodian
store open up,

1085
00:54:14,492 --> 00:54:17,668
like, 100 stores every month.

1086
00:54:17,806 --> 00:54:19,773
Growing that fast!

1087
00:54:21,430 --> 00:54:22,638
Growing up in California,

1088
00:54:22,776 --> 00:54:26,401
I knew in, I guess,
kind of a-a naive way

1089
00:54:26,539 --> 00:54:29,576
that everybody who owned
a Mom-and-Pop donut shop

1090
00:54:29,714 --> 00:54:31,129
was Asian.

1091
00:54:33,477 --> 00:54:37,860
Every day,
we get a new account.

1092
00:54:37,998 --> 00:54:39,206
One of the struggles we had

1093
00:54:39,345 --> 00:54:41,519
was that we would train 'em,

1094
00:54:41,657 --> 00:54:43,383
and when they had enough money,

1095
00:54:43,521 --> 00:54:47,145
then they would go
and compete with us.

1096
00:54:47,284 --> 00:54:49,009
Donuts
have come full circle.

1097
00:54:49,147 --> 00:54:53,669
Winchell's dominated donut land with their West Coast '40s icon.

1098
00:54:53,807 --> 00:54:54,946
Now they're down to 300 stores

1099
00:54:55,084 --> 00:54:59,157
compared to 2,500
Cambodian shops.

1100
00:54:59,296 --> 00:55:03,679
They trained me and now they're falling one by one.

1101
00:55:03,817 --> 00:55:06,820
Of course, I feel--
I feel very sad,

1102
00:55:06,958 --> 00:55:09,375
but that's the way of life,
you know.

1103
00:55:09,513 --> 00:55:12,654
The competition is good
for the country.

1104
00:55:12,792 --> 00:55:13,827
It makes the country strong.

1105
00:55:13,965 --> 00:55:16,243
We have some individuals

1106
00:55:16,382 --> 00:55:17,935
that come over,
get successful,

1107
00:55:18,073 --> 00:55:20,662
and then they help others
really be successful.

1108
00:55:20,800 --> 00:55:22,388
And that's really
what's happened, um,

1109
00:55:22,526 --> 00:55:23,699
with the Cambodians.

1110
00:55:23,837 --> 00:55:25,218
The donut shop
is a good business

1111
00:55:25,356 --> 00:55:27,082
for them to start with,

1112
00:55:27,220 --> 00:55:28,808
because they all have kids.

1113
00:55:28,946 --> 00:55:30,154
Every day at 4 a.m.,

1114
00:55:30,292 --> 00:55:33,847
begins
baking doughnuts.

1115
00:55:33,985 --> 00:55:36,747
To help, the entire
family works.

1116
00:55:36,885 --> 00:55:38,714
We basically
work every single day,

1117
00:55:38,852 --> 00:55:41,130
all of us, to be successful,

1118
00:55:41,268 --> 00:55:44,444
to live comfortable
here in America.

1119
00:55:44,582 --> 00:55:46,101
There were an awful lot of Asian immigrants

1120
00:55:46,239 --> 00:55:48,448
that had started their own
independent donut shops.

1121
00:55:48,586 --> 00:55:51,900
That was sobering for me.

1122
00:55:52,038 --> 00:55:53,073
Dunkin'
was losing market share

1123
00:55:53,211 --> 00:55:54,523
to the Cambodian
donut shop owners

1124
00:55:54,661 --> 00:55:57,595
which could operate much, much,
uh, more efficiently,

1125
00:55:57,733 --> 00:56:00,874
much cheaper than the--
the big corporation could.

1126
00:56:01,012 --> 00:56:03,118
So they realized they just
didn't have what it takes

1127
00:56:03,256 --> 00:56:05,569
to dominate in that market.

1128
00:56:05,707 --> 00:56:07,122
Dunkin' had to make

1129
00:56:07,260 --> 00:56:10,815
like $50,000 a month
for survive.

1130
00:56:10,953 --> 00:56:13,784
A Cambodian donut shop,
make $10,000, they can survive.

1131
00:56:13,922 --> 00:56:15,130
Dunkin' had really been

1132
00:56:15,268 --> 00:56:16,718
driven out of the state.

1133
00:56:16,856 --> 00:56:18,927
And it was the Cambodian
donut shop owners,

1134
00:56:19,065 --> 00:56:21,067
the Mom-and-Pops,
that had done it.

1135
00:56:22,620 --> 00:56:27,556
Anything
Ted doing, very success.

1136
00:56:27,694 --> 00:56:32,458
My dad was very active in the Republican Party.

1137
00:56:32,596 --> 00:56:34,563
I have a lot of
connections to the top,

1138
00:56:34,701 --> 00:56:36,876
they all know me.

1139
00:56:37,014 --> 00:56:38,774
When we come to America,

1140
00:56:38,912 --> 00:56:41,536
I said, you know,
"I have to pay back."

1141
00:56:43,503 --> 00:56:45,747
Most important
is helping, you know,

1142
00:56:45,885 --> 00:56:49,854
the country grow
by doing business.

1143
00:56:49,992 --> 00:56:54,238
Imagine, a man with nothing,
penniless...

1144
00:56:54,376 --> 00:56:58,380
come to the most powerful
country in the world

1145
00:56:58,518 --> 00:57:00,106
and he build something.

1146
00:57:00,244 --> 00:57:02,902
This guy can change the market.

1147
00:57:06,802 --> 00:57:09,495
In 1991, President Bush Sr.

1148
00:57:09,633 --> 00:57:12,636
flew from the White House
to California

1149
00:57:12,774 --> 00:57:14,603
to give me
a Presidential Award

1150
00:57:14,741 --> 00:57:17,434
for achieving
American Dream.

1151
00:57:17,572 --> 00:57:20,678
And I felt so proud.

1152
00:57:20,816 --> 00:57:24,441
In Cambodia,
it's a different country...

1153
00:57:24,579 --> 00:57:27,202
only the rich people
can become more rich,

1154
00:57:27,340 --> 00:57:29,791
but the poor,
the chance to become rich

1155
00:57:29,929 --> 00:57:33,450
is very seldom,
like impossible.

1156
00:57:48,499 --> 00:57:51,709
We are on the road
on the way to Sisiphon.

1157
00:57:53,366 --> 00:57:55,955
I was born here in 1941.

1158
00:57:57,991 --> 00:57:59,855
I was born poor,

1159
00:57:59,993 --> 00:58:01,995
we lived in a wooden house

1160
00:58:02,133 --> 00:58:05,723
and the floor
is right to the dirt.

1161
00:58:05,861 --> 00:58:09,624
So, sometimes we see
some snakes and it's scary,

1162
00:58:09,762 --> 00:58:12,868
but that's how
the poor people live.

1163
00:58:14,905 --> 00:58:17,839
My mother, she is Chinese.

1164
00:58:17,977 --> 00:58:21,670
She moved to Cambodia
at 18 years old.

1165
00:58:21,808 --> 00:58:24,293
I was 5 years old
when my father left

1166
00:58:24,431 --> 00:58:27,883
and my poor mother, she didn't
speak any Khmer language.

1167
00:58:28,021 --> 00:58:31,853
So that make it
very hard on her.

1168
00:58:31,991 --> 00:58:34,856
So living is very hard because

1169
00:58:34,994 --> 00:58:37,203
we were lacking of everything.

1170
00:58:40,413 --> 00:58:42,380
I always come here
to pick up my mother.

1171
00:58:42,519 --> 00:58:46,350
My mother had to make
a hard living.

1172
00:58:48,455 --> 00:58:52,459
His mother
was smuggling goods.

1173
00:58:52,598 --> 00:58:55,877
At 9 a.m. when the train came,

1174
00:58:56,015 --> 00:59:02,435
she would go to the Thai border
to get goods...

1175
00:59:02,573 --> 00:59:07,544
then bring the goods
back to sell.

1176
00:59:07,682 --> 00:59:09,856
-She fell twice
from the train, right?

1177
00:59:09,994 --> 00:59:11,962
But she stand up again,
she do it again

1178
00:59:12,100 --> 00:59:14,585
because she had no choice.

1179
00:59:14,723 --> 00:59:16,414
I learned a lot from her,

1180
00:59:16,553 --> 00:59:18,796
the fight for survival.

1181
00:59:18,934 --> 00:59:21,488
She was working so hard,

1182
00:59:21,627 --> 00:59:25,078
she tried to save
as much as she can.

1183
00:59:25,216 --> 00:59:27,771
Not for her, but for
her children, the education.

1184
00:59:36,089 --> 00:59:40,749
-Starting from the age
of seven, eight, or nine,

1185
00:59:40,887 --> 00:59:45,271
we always played together.

1186
00:59:45,409 --> 00:59:48,481
All of Battambang
knew his name,

1187
00:59:48,619 --> 00:59:50,863
Ted Ngoy.

1188
00:59:53,106 --> 00:59:58,940
He was a quick learner,
much smarter than I was.

1189
00:59:59,078 --> 01:00:01,667
My mother,
I know she saved some money,

1190
01:00:01,805 --> 01:00:03,496
she asked me to leave home

1191
01:00:03,634 --> 01:00:05,981
because she wanted me
to have a brighter future.

1192
01:00:06,119 --> 01:00:09,433
That is how I end up
at Voltaire High School.

1193
01:00:09,571 --> 01:00:12,332
I must work and study hard.

1194
01:00:12,470 --> 01:00:14,472
I wanted to learn more things,

1195
01:00:14,611 --> 01:00:17,165
what the world can offer.

1196
01:00:17,303 --> 01:00:19,270
Suganthini was my classmate,

1197
01:00:21,169 --> 01:00:24,034
she sit in a couple rows
in front of me.

1198
01:00:24,172 --> 01:00:29,211
To me, she was so beautiful
and I fall in love.

1199
01:00:29,349 --> 01:00:30,385
-I-I didn't notice him,
you know,

1200
01:00:30,523 --> 01:00:34,492
because there's so many guys...

1201
01:00:34,631 --> 01:00:37,599
and we don't talk to guys.

1202
01:00:49,335 --> 01:00:53,270
After rain,
the whole city is so quiet.

1203
01:00:53,408 --> 01:00:55,203
I'd start blowing the flute...

1204
01:00:59,690 --> 01:01:01,347
My balcony, you know,

1205
01:01:01,485 --> 01:01:04,661
is right across the street
from the big villa,

1206
01:01:04,799 --> 01:01:07,422
that's the villa of Christy.

1207
01:01:07,560 --> 01:01:10,597
You cannot see
each other, but, you know,

1208
01:01:10,736 --> 01:01:13,635
when it's quiet,
everything quiet,

1209
01:01:13,773 --> 01:01:16,569
you can hear it.

1210
01:01:18,364 --> 01:01:21,436
One day, she sent
her maid from the villa

1211
01:01:21,574 --> 01:01:23,921
to send me a note saying,

1212
01:01:24,059 --> 01:01:26,579
"You blow a very nice flute."

1213
01:01:26,717 --> 01:01:29,064
We don't really speak,

1214
01:01:29,202 --> 01:01:31,446
we just write back and forth.

1215
01:01:31,584 --> 01:01:33,690
The last note
I wrote to her said,

1216
01:01:33,828 --> 01:01:35,588
you know what...
"How about, if some night,

1217
01:01:35,726 --> 01:01:37,417
I jump into your room?

1218
01:01:37,555 --> 01:01:38,695
She replied,

1219
01:01:38,833 --> 01:01:40,904
"What happens if you jump
to the wrong room?"

1220
01:01:41,042 --> 01:01:43,492
If you jump
into my mother's room?"

1221
01:01:44,735 --> 01:01:49,775
He's from a poor
family so, I... It's just...

1222
01:01:49,913 --> 01:01:54,089
no way that my parents
gonna let us

1223
01:01:54,227 --> 01:01:56,643
be together, you know?

1224
01:01:56,782 --> 01:02:05,583
Her father was
a very high ranking official.

1225
01:02:05,722 --> 01:02:08,863
A family with a lot of
influence in Cambodia.

1226
01:02:09,001 --> 01:02:12,142
Her father told him,

1227
01:02:12,280 --> 01:02:16,871
"Don't come into our house or
I'll kill you."

1228
01:02:18,355 --> 01:02:20,944
It was two or
three o'clock, after the rain.

1229
01:02:21,082 --> 01:02:23,532
I was up the roof,

1230
01:02:23,670 --> 01:02:25,189
I look at downstairs...
"Wow."

1231
01:02:25,327 --> 01:02:28,675
It's dogs and police
and security... everywhere.

1232
01:02:28,814 --> 01:02:32,507
I just sit there, quiet,
for maybe five minutes.

1233
01:02:32,645 --> 01:02:33,957
I said,
"Wow, should I go back home

1234
01:02:34,095 --> 01:02:35,993
or should I continue?"

1235
01:02:36,131 --> 01:02:38,064
It's so scary!

1236
01:02:39,617 --> 01:02:42,448
-The house was full of guards.
-He had guts.

1237
01:02:42,586 --> 01:02:47,108
Lord I'll say,
his balls are BIG!

1238
01:02:47,246 --> 01:02:48,661
I opened the door.

1239
01:02:48,799 --> 01:02:50,283
I cannot see her face,

1240
01:02:50,421 --> 01:02:52,769
I don't know if it's her...
or her cousin...or sister...

1241
01:02:52,907 --> 01:02:54,391
I have no clue.

1242
01:02:54,529 --> 01:02:57,152
And then he come
and grabbed my mouth, saying,

1243
01:02:57,290 --> 01:02:58,602
"Don't scream..."

1244
01:02:58,740 --> 01:03:00,052
I said,
"Don't worry, don't worry...

1245
01:03:00,190 --> 01:03:03,365
I will hide under your bed."

1246
01:03:03,503 --> 01:03:05,091
I stayed there for 45 days!

1247
01:03:07,507 --> 01:03:09,302
I never
would have dared to do that.

1248
01:03:09,440 --> 01:03:14,066
He really has no fear.

1249
01:03:14,204 --> 01:03:17,172
There's two
reasons that I go after her.

1250
01:03:17,310 --> 01:03:19,140
Number one,
she's so beautiful.

1251
01:03:19,278 --> 01:03:23,178
I definitely love her
with all my heart.

1252
01:03:23,316 --> 01:03:27,907
But secondly,
I found my life is hopeless.

1253
01:03:28,045 --> 01:03:32,325
So I think, "Well,
maybe this is a chance..."

1254
01:03:32,463 --> 01:03:34,431
If I'm not succeed,
if I get killed...

1255
01:03:34,569 --> 01:03:36,191
so, that's the end of my life.

1256
01:03:36,329 --> 01:03:37,986
But if I succeed,

1257
01:03:38,124 --> 01:03:40,230
then I get
a beautiful woman as my wife

1258
01:03:40,368 --> 01:03:41,714
and I can
climb up the ladder

1259
01:03:41,852 --> 01:03:43,820
and my life
is not so difficult.

1260
01:03:46,512 --> 01:03:48,859
-I was so young, you know,

1261
01:03:48,997 --> 01:03:50,792
all I wanted to be
is just with him.

1262
01:03:52,173 --> 01:03:55,452
We cut our fingers...

1263
01:03:55,590 --> 01:03:59,870
-We swear to each other
to be together forever.

1264
01:04:01,320 --> 01:04:04,530
We swear that
we do not betray each other.

1265
01:04:19,545 --> 01:04:21,098
In lifetime,
maybe chance come to you

1266
01:04:21,236 --> 01:04:22,997
one or two times,
that's it.

1267
01:04:23,135 --> 01:04:25,068
It won't happen daily.

1268
01:04:29,520 --> 01:04:32,454
There's a risk,
but we have to have courage.

1269
01:04:35,526 --> 01:04:38,598
Just don't let the good chance, you know, slip away.

1270
01:04:41,256 --> 01:04:42,740
What
we've done only prepares us

1271
01:04:42,879 --> 01:04:44,397
for what we're going to do.

1272
01:04:44,535 --> 01:04:47,366
Let me just say,
good habits are hard to break.

1273
01:04:50,610 --> 01:04:52,267
I don't remember
who took us there,

1274
01:04:52,405 --> 01:04:54,373
but it was amazing.

1275
01:04:54,511 --> 01:04:58,066
Lots of lights,
and everything was so beautiful.

1276
01:04:58,825 --> 01:05:00,655
It's just completely
different from where we live

1277
01:05:00,793 --> 01:05:02,001
and where we work.

1278
01:05:06,212 --> 01:05:08,283
Show and exciting.

1279
01:05:09,906 --> 01:05:12,080
Just like the first time
I tasted a donut.

1280
01:05:13,875 --> 01:05:16,533
-My dad was amazed by Las Vegas.

1281
01:05:19,122 --> 01:05:21,193
First trip,
we did not gamble anything,

1282
01:05:21,331 --> 01:05:24,161
just see the show and
a couple nights we come home.

1283
01:05:27,682 --> 01:05:29,132
And the second time,

1284
01:05:29,270 --> 01:05:31,479
I just tried
a little bit on the table.

1285
01:05:31,617 --> 01:05:33,791
We're
enjoying the largest increase

1286
01:05:33,930 --> 01:05:36,208
in real,
after tax personal income

1287
01:05:36,346 --> 01:05:38,693
since World War Two.

1288
01:05:38,831 --> 01:05:41,006
Just all
started with blackjack.

1289
01:05:41,144 --> 01:05:42,283
It started small.

1290
01:05:42,421 --> 01:05:43,629
Bet $5... $10

1291
01:05:43,767 --> 01:05:45,665
He learned really fast.

1292
01:05:45,803 --> 01:05:47,529
I didn't know anything.

1293
01:05:47,667 --> 01:05:51,085
I never gambled,
my family never gambled.

1294
01:05:51,223 --> 01:05:52,017
-He even taught me like,

1295
01:05:52,155 --> 01:05:53,604
"Hey, here's how
you make money."

1296
01:05:53,742 --> 01:05:56,124
-Not everyone
is fortunate enough

1297
01:05:56,262 --> 01:05:59,369
to know my techniques
of how to make a lot of money.

1298
01:05:59,507 --> 01:06:00,922
-You win,
you double down.

1299
01:06:01,060 --> 01:06:02,475
You lose,
you double down again.

1300
01:06:05,064 --> 01:06:07,722
He get to know
the pit boss and...

1301
01:06:07,860 --> 01:06:11,001
they give him
free room, free food.

1302
01:06:11,139 --> 01:06:13,314
Then they start
going...and going...

1303
01:06:13,452 --> 01:06:15,695
-The illusion has become real,

1304
01:06:15,833 --> 01:06:18,284
and the more real it becomes,

1305
01:06:18,422 --> 01:06:20,321
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